减数分裂期高温对水稻穗粒数影响的定量分析  

An Quantitative Analysis of High Temperature Effects During Meiosis Stage on Rice Grain Number per Panicle

作　　者：石春林[1] 骆宗强[2] 江敏[2] 侍永乐 李映雪[3] 宣守丽[1] 刘杨[1] 杨沈斌[3] 于庚康 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业信息研究所/农业部长江下游农业环境重点实验室,南京210014 [2]福建农林大学作物学院,福州350002 [3]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [4]江苏省气象服务中心,南京210008

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2017年第6期658-664,共7页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306035);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31671574;31401279);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金资助项目[CX(14)2113];福建农林大学科技创新专项基金资助项目(CXZX2016165)

摘　　要：【目的】穗粒数是水稻产量构成因子之一。为明确减数分裂期高温对水稻穗粒数的可能影响,构建其定量估算模型,【方法】于2014-2015年以两优培九和南粳45为供试材料,于减数分裂期设置不同强度和持续时间的高温处理,以自然无高温环境为对照,分析了减数分裂期不同高温强度和高温持续时间对穗粒数的影响,建立了减数分裂期高温与穗粒数的定量关系,最后根据温度日变化特征,构建了自然环境下的减数分裂期高温对穗粒数的定量影响算法。【结果】减数分裂期高温对穗粒数的影响程度与高温强度、持续时间有关。同样高温条件下,穗粒数随高温持续天数增加呈指数减少;日相对穗粒数随温度增加而减少,可用二次曲线进行描述。穗粒数对高温敏感的终止时间大约为抽穗前5 d。利用2015年试验资料对上述模型进行了检验,两优培九和南粳45穗粒数模拟值的相对均方根差为0.094和0.085,说明模型可很好地模拟减数期高温对穗粒数的影响。【结论】对完善高温对水稻生长过程的定量影响具有重要作用。【Objective】Grain number per panicle is one of yield component factors for rice. In order to analyze the effect of high temperature on the grain number per panicle and develop the quantitative model to evaluate it, 【Method】a pot experiment under different high temperatures and durations during meiosis stage was conducted with Liangyoupeijiu and Nanjing 45 as materials in 2014-2015. 【Result】Grain number per panicle decreased with the rising temperature and prolonging duration exposed to high temperature. The relationship between grain number per panicle and temperature could be expressed with a quadratic equation. The terminal time of grain number per panicle sensitive to high temperature was five days before heading date. The validation result showed the model could better simulate the effect of high temperature during meiosis stage on the grain number per panicle with rRMSE 0.094 and 0.085 for Liangyoupeijiu and Nanjing 45, respectively. 【Conclusion】This study would help improve the quantitative effect of high temperature on rice growth duration.

关 键 词：水稻 减数分裂期 高温 穗粒数 定量模型 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]