混播比例对热研2号柱花草和假臭草早期生长竞争能力的影响  

Effects of the Mixed Sowing Proportion on the Competitive Ability of Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Reyan No.2 and Eupatorium catarium Veldkamp during Early Growth

作　　者：李雪枫 王坚 徐圳鋆 LI Xue -f eng;WA NG J ia n;XU Z h en -yu n(Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry ,Hainan University ,Haikou 570228, Chin)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《杂草学报》2017年第2期46-54,共9页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(编号:312062);海南大学青年基金(编号:HDqnjj1211)

摘　　要：为明确热研2号柱花草与假臭草早期生长的竞争关系、探索假臭草替代控制的途径和管理策略,设置总株数为8株,设5种柱花草与假臭草混播比例(8∶0、6∶2、4∶4、2∶6、0∶8)进行盆栽试验,对各混播比例下2种植物在浇水频率为1次/2 d时的生长情况和相对竞争能力进行定量分析。结果表明,与单独播种时相比,随着柱花草混播株数的减少,柱花草单株总生物量、生物量分配、茎叶生物量质量分数、株高、根长和生长速度均逐渐降低,而生物量根冠比、根生物量质量分数均逐渐增大,假臭草的各对应指标则相反。混播状态下2种植物的相对产量总和均显著小于1(P<0.05),柱花草在其株数较多(混播比例为6∶2)时的相对竞争力比假臭草强,相对产量是假臭草的1.58倍,竞争平衡指数大于0,可使假臭草的生长速度峰值减小并推迟其出现时间,资源分配策略为优先进行地上部茎叶扩展和地下部伸长生长,随着混播株数减少柱花草的相对竞争能力显著降低(P<0.05)。因此,利用热研2号柱花草替代控制假臭草的基本条件为采取措施确保柱花草在混生群落中的成株比例大于1∶1,最好达到3∶1。An experiment was conducted to investigate the competitive interaction between Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No. 2 and Eupatorium catarium Veldkampat different mixed sowing proportions,and to explore the methods ofcontrolling the invasive weed E. catariumthrough displacement by S. guianensis. Both species were planted in pots at five mixed sowing proportions（ total of eight plants per pot at S. guianensis： E. catariumproportions of 8 ∶ 0,6 ∶ 2,4 ∶ 4,2 ∶ 6 and 0 ∶ 8 per pot）and grown for 30 days. The growth response and relative competitive ability of the two species were evaluated at same watering treatment（ 1 time/2 d,70% ofthe maximum water-holding capacity of the soil per watering）. Compared to the monoculture,the total biomass,biomass allocation,fraction of stem and leaf biomass,plant height,root length and growth rate of S. guianensis were gradually lowered with decreasing of S. guianensisdensity at mixed sowing,but the biomass ratio of root to shoot and the fraction of root biomass gradually increased. The corresponding indexes of E. catarium were just opposite. The relative yield totals of three mixed sowings were significantly lower than 1（ P 0. 05）. When S. guianensisplant density was higher（ ratio of mixed sowing was 6 ∶ 2）,its relative competitive ability was better than that of E. catarium,relative yield was 1. 58 times of E. catarium,competitive balance index was significantly greater than zero,the growth peak of E. catarium was reduced and the time was delayed（ 3 d）,and resource allocation strategies of S. guianensis were preferentially growing of aboveground stem extension and underground part elongation. Relative competitive ability of S.guianensis decreased significantly as its plant numbers decreased in the mixture（ P 0. 05）. Therefore,through increasing seeding rate and other measures to insure S. guianensis in community was greater than 1： 1,best to 3： 1,will be a basic condition for replacement control of P. clematidea by using S. guianensis as a c

关 键 词：柱花草 假臭草 生长竞争能力 混播比例 生物量分配 替代控制 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]