氨氮和亚硝酸盐对红螯螯虾幼虾和亚成虾的急性毒力  

Acute toxicity of ammonia and nitrite on juvenile and subadult redclaw crayfish( Cherax quadricarinatus)

作　　者：潘训彬[1] 张秀霞[2] 鲁耀鹏 郑佩华 王安利[1] 冼健安[2] PAN Xunbin;ZHANG Xiuxia;LU Yaopeng;ZHENG Peihua;WANG Anli;XIAN Jian＇ an(College of Life Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510631,China;Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东广州510631 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2017年第4期316-322,共7页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2016084);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630052016011;1630052016021)

摘　　要：【目的】近年来,红螯螯虾养殖面积越来越广泛,明确不同规格的红螯螯虾对氨氮和亚硝酸盐的耐受力,有利于提高其养成率,促进其养殖业的健康发展。【方法】在水温24~25℃、p H 7.9~8.0的条件下,研究了氨氮和亚硝酸盐对红螯螯虾幼虾和亚成虾的急性毒性,分析半致死浓度(LC50)和安全浓度(SC)。【结果】总氨氮对红螯螯虾幼虾的24、48、72和96 h LC50分别为188.0、136.15、104.67和88.00 mg·L^(-1),SC为8.80 mg·L^(-1);总氨氮对亚成虾的24、48、72和96 h LC50分别为344.01、270.46、205.15和167.68 mg·L^(-1),SC为16.77 mg·L^(-1);非离子氨对幼虾的24、48、72和96 h LC50分别为10.16、7.35、5.65和4.75 mg·L^(-1),SC为0.48 mg·L^(-1);非离子氨对亚成虾的24、48、72和96 h LC50分别为18.58、14.60、11.08和9.05 mg·L^(-1),SC为0.91 mg·L^(-1);亚硝酸盐对幼虾的24、48、72和96 h LC50分别为46.76、33.88、27.97和22.81 mg·L^(-1),SC为2.28 mg·L^(-1);亚硝酸盐对亚成虾的24、48、72和96 h LC50分别为77.56、59.33、45.41和37.48 mg·L^(-1),SC为3.75 mg·L^(-1)。【结论】红螯螯虾对氨氮的耐受力高于亚硝酸盐,亚成虾对氨氮和亚硝酸盐的耐受力高于幼虾。【Aim】In recent years,the aquaculture of redclaw crayfish has significantly increased. The aim of this study is to understand the ammonia-N and nitrite-N tolerance of different life stages of red claw crayfish to improve the survival rate and promote the redclaw crayfish production in aquaculture. 【Method】The acute toxicity of ammonia-N and nitrite-N on juvenile and subadult redclaw crayfish was tested,and the half lethal concentrations( LC50) and safe concentrations( SC) under 24 ~ 25 ℃ and p H 7. 9 ~8. 0 were determined. 【Result】The LC50 s of total ammonia-N for juvenile crayfish at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 188. 0,136.15,104. 67 and 88. 00 mg·L^(-1),and the SC was 8. 80 mg·L^(-1). The LC50 s of total ammonia-N for subadult at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 344. 01,270. 46,205. 15 and 167. 68 mg·L^(-1),and the SC was 16. 77 mg·L^(-1). The LC50 s of non-ionic ammonia for juvenile at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 10. 16,7. 35,5. 65 and 4. 75 mg·L^(-1),and the SC was 0. 48 mg·L^(-1). The LC50 s of non-ionic ammonia for subadult at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 18. 58,14. 60,11. 08 and 9. 05 mg·L^(-1),and the SC was 0. 91 mg·L^(-1). The LC50 s of nitrite-N for juvenile at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 46. 76,33. 88,27. 97 and 22. 81 mg·L^(-1),and the SC was 2. 28 mg·L^(-1). The LC50 s of nitrite-N for subadult at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 77. 56,59. 33,45. 41 and 37.48 mg·L^(-1),and the SC was 3. 75 mg·L^(-1). 【Conclusion】The tolerance of redclaw crayfish to ammonia-N was stronger than nitrite-N,and the tolerance of subadult to ammonia-N and nitrite-N was stronger than that of juvenile.

关 键 词：红螯螯虾 氨氮 亚硝酸盐 急性毒性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]