场域冲突、空间正义与乡村旅游开发中的土地发展权  

Field Conflict,Spatial Justice and Land Development Right in Rural Tourism Development

作　　者：易艳[1] 赵菊连 

机构地区：[1]宜春学院经管学院,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《宜春学院学报》2017年第11期30-33,95,共5页Journal of Yichun University

基　　金：江西省社科规划项目"宜春市乡村旅游助推‘三农’发展的多元联动机制研究"(项目编号:17DQ19)

摘　　要："场域"是指社会成员在有目的的社会交往活动中,围绕着权力而形成的冲突和秩序。场域一旦形成较稳定的利益结构,即为惯习,便具有一定的排它性,往往存在着有利于保护强势者利益等不合理性因素,有违于公平正义的伦理法则。为此,以空间正义的价值原则重构一定场域中的空间利益关系实属必要。农村旅游资源开发,本质上是在土地利益关系重组中的旅游场域形成过程,往往伴随着土地的升值,以及这种升值收益的分配问题,即土地发展权归属问题,必然发生权力和利益的冲突和争夺。按照现行体制下的"惯习",乡村旅游项目由政府出面进行项目立项和规划,并通过招商引资的方式推进。尽管这种程序是很符合"秩序"的,但问题在于这必将陷入像过去城市化过程中的土地增值(土地发展权)与农民无关,现代化排斥农村和农民的现象。为此,农村旅游项目开发要从破解被称为"世纪难题"的"三农"问题的价值目标出发,从深层次的伦理维度层面,思考农村旅游规划中的土地发展权益问题,使旅游场域空间中的利益博弈符合"空间正义"的伦理秩序。'Field' refers to the conflict and order formed by the social members' power in their purposeful social interactions. Once the interests of structure have come into being in a field,it has a strong stability and tends to be exclusive. Therefore,field is conducive to protecting the interests of the previliged,which appears unjustifiable and unfair. And it is opposite to the ethicality of justice and fairness. So it's necessary to reconstruct the spatial interest relationship based on the value of residential spatial justice. Rural tourism resource is exploited in the process of the reconstruction of land interest relationship in tourism fields,accompanied by the land appreciation and profit distribution problems, namely development rights. Consequentially, it causes the conflicts of power and interests. According to the current system of 'habitués',rural tourism projects should be initiated and planed by the government and carry on through attracting investment. Although this procedure is very consistent with the 'order',but the problem is that it will fall into the strange circumstance in the process of urbanization which happened in the past,it was the land value added( land development rights) against the farmers benefit and the modernization repulsive rural and farmers. Therefore, rural tourism project development should be set out of the value target of'three rural issues',which is called as 'the century problem'. The land development rights in rural tourism planning should be thought over from deep ethical dimension level,thus making interest game in space tourism field accord with the ethical order of the 'spatial justice'.

关 键 词：场域冲突 空间正义 乡村旅游 农地发展权 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]