罗斯海难言岛地区近地面层风场特征分析及数值模拟  

DIAGNOSIS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE NEAR-SURFACE WIND FIELDS AT INEXPRESSIBLE ISLAND IN THE ROSS SEA

作　　者：于海鹏[1] 胡海波[2] 陈志昆[1] 丁明虎[3] 宋毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [2]南京大学,大气科学学院,江苏南京210093 [3]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《极地研究》2017年第4期513-521,共9页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：南北极环境综合考察与评估专项(CHINARE2016-01-01)资助;国家自然科学基金(41675064、41621005、41330420、41275068);江苏省自然基金(SBK2015020577);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(020714380034);教育部重点实验室开放基金(KLME1501)资助

摘　　要：本文介绍了中国第3座南极常年考察站新站址候选地——罗斯海难言岛的基本信息。通过对设在其上的自动气象站的观测数据分析表明,近地面风场主要由下降风控制,西-西北风是6级以上大风的主要风向,最大风力可达12级以上,1月、11月、12月是平均风力较小的三个月份。通过分析基于CFSR海冰资料的Polar-WRF模式模拟结果发现:Polar-WRF模式能模拟出和实测资料十分一致的下降风风场,分辨率越高越能更好的模拟出下降风的特点。难言岛附近强劲的西-西北向下降风是地形强迫的结果;来自Reeves冰川的气流是下降风的主要来源。大风的水平分布范围约为50 km。海拔1 400—300 m为下降风的加速关键区,风速最大的地方在海拔300 m高度的陡坡附近,下降风在抵达难言岛时,由于地面摩擦作用,风力已经有一定的衰减。模拟风场可以对观测资料做出有益的补充。The meteorological factors at Inexpressible Island in the Ross Sea, which will be the candidate site of Chinese third perennial Antarctic research station, are introduced in this study. The analysis of observations from the automatic weather station indicates that the area is dominated by winds driven by the katabatic wind in excess of 10.8 m·s–1. The main wind direction is W-NW and the maximum wind speed is in excess of 32.5 m·s–1. In 2013, the lowest wind speeds were in January, November and December（the local summer）.Further examination using results from the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting（Polar-WRF） Model based on NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis（CFSR） sea-ice data suggests that the physical charac-teristics of the katabatically driven winds can be reproduced well. The higher the resolution ratio, the better the characteristics of the wind are simulate. The strong katabatic wind at Inexpressible Island results from topographic forcing. The airstream from the Reeves Glacier is its main source. The horizontal distribution of strong winds is about 50 km. A steep hill between the altitude of 1 400 m and 300 m is the key area acceler-ating the air flow. Therefore, the usefulness of the wind fields of the model results is verified.

关 键 词：难言岛 下降风 自动气象站 Polar-WRF 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P412.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P425