2012年春季塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘颗粒的组成研究  

Atmospheric mmineral particles collected in the hinterland of Taklamakan Desert

作　　者：张延伟 唐湘玲[2] 陆辉 葛全胜[4] 王雯雯[1] 魏文寿 

机构地区：[1]济南大学商学院,济南250002 [2]石河子大学理学院地理系,石河子832000 [3]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐830002 [4]中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2017年第11期94-99,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471140,41171137);济南大学博士基金(160100141);济南大学交叉学科基金(140200107);济南大学社科项目(15YB07)资助

摘　　要：为研究塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘颗粒的微观形貌及其矿物、元素组成,应用扫描电镜能谱技术(SEM/EDX)对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中观测站2012年5月采集的PM10样品进行了识别和分析。统计622个单颗粒高分辨电镜图像及能谱的结果表明:塔克拉玛干沙漠大气PM10主要来源于地壳矿物。其中,矿物组成主要是石英、粘土矿物、方解石、岩盐,特别是岩盐含量高达14.5%,石英、方解石、石膏、岩盐单体矿物相对含量较高,但大部分都以矿物集合体的形式存在,与其它人为源颗粒物的混合主要是外混合。不同天气类型下,其矿物组成差异明显,重矿物(岩盐等)主要来源于强风就地扬起或携带的较粗颗粒。To investigate the characteristics of micro - morphology and mineral composition of aerosol particles, PM10 was collected at Tazhong in the hinterland of the Taklamakan Desert. The collected particles were examined by a transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X -ray （EDX） analyzer in order to ob- tain the elemental composition of individual mineral particles. On the basis of EDX analyses for 622 particles, particles mainly composed of quartz, clay, calcite and halite from the Earth g crust, particles containing halite （NaC1） were detected in number proportions of about 14.5% ; the content of mineral monomers was relatively higher, but mostly in the form of mineral aggregate, also as an external mixture of anthropogenic particulate with mineral particles. The mineral composition of PM10 has clear difference among different weather, heavy mineral particles （halite, etc. ） mainly came from the coarser particles which lifted by the strong winds.

关 键 词：沙漠 沙尘颗粒 SEM/EDX 元素组成 塔克拉玛干 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]