南水北调前后北京市某区自备井水硝酸盐等卫生指标变化分析  

The Analysis of the Changes in Hygiene Indexes such as Nitrates in the well before and after the South-to-North Water Transfer in a Certain District of Beijng

作　　者：敬燕燕 信振江[2] 秦娟[3] 郝静 韩凤超[2] 徐赐贤 何燕 李洁 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学系,北京100069 [2]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心水科,北京100071 [3]北京市卫生和计划生育监督所学校卫生监督科,北京100034

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2017年第30期5980-5983,5988,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：北京市丰台区卫生计生系统科研项目(2015-88)

摘　　要：目的:掌握北京市某区南水北调通水前后农村地区自备井水中硝酸盐等主要指标含量及合格率的变化。方法:在某区农村地区5个乡镇设置29个自备井监测点,于2014年-2015年每年枯丰水期对出厂水和末梢水进行监测,监测指标为硝酸盐、氨氮、总硬度、溶解性总固体、耗氧量、pH值、硫酸盐、氯化物、氟化物。以2014年饮水监测结果作为南水北调前自备井水水质的基础数值,将南水北调后自备井水监测结果(2015年)与南水北调通水前(2014年)监测结果进行比较,分析南水北调通水对农村自备井水硝酸盐等指标含量及变化原因。结果:自备井水硝酸盐含量由2014年的39.2 mg/L降低至2015年的35.9 mg/L,同时总硬度含量由621 mg/L降低至581 mg/L,pH由2014年的7.17升高至2015年的7.36,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他指标含量无明显变化。硝酸盐合格率由2014年的19.7%上升至2015年的33.6%(P<0.05),其他指标合格率无明显变化。结论:2015年某区自备井水硝酸盐、总硬度含量下降,地下水水质呈优化现象,与南水北调有一定关联性,长期水质变化及健康影响需继续研究。Objective： To evalute the variation of the concentration and the qualification rate of major water quality indices such as nitrates in rural self-sufficient well before and after the South-to-North Water Transfer. Methods： We collected effluent water and table-water of 29 monitor points distributed in 5 rural townships in wet season and dry season from 2014 to 2015, and monitored the regular indices, NO3N, NH3-N, Total hardness, TDS, CODMn, pH, SO42 , CI-, F-, Comparing the concentration and the qualification rate of water quality indices^before and after South-to-North water diversion. Results： Nitrates and total hardness were significantly decreased from 39.2 mg/L, 621 mg/L in 2014 to 35.9 mg/L,581 mg/L in 2015 respectively（P〈0.05）, while pH increased from 7.17 in 2014 to 7.36 in 2015 （P〈0.05）. The qualification rate of Nitrates was significantly increased from 19.7 % in 2014 to 33.6 % in 2015 （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The sanitary conditions of rural self-sufficient well got improvement in the district.

关 键 词：南水北调 自备井水 硝酸盐 总硬度 合格率 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]