室内外空气环境PM_(2.5)中16种多环芳烃分布特征研究  

Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in air particle matter(PM_(2.5))

作　　者：陶晶[1] 尹普 甄国新[3] 潘峰[4] 郑德生 张美云[6] 苏领彦[7] 敖静波 魏建荣[1] TAO Jing;YIN Pu;ZHEN Gou- xin;PAN Feng;ZHENG De-sheng;ZHANG Mei- yun;SU Ling- yan;AO Jing-bo;WEI Jian-rong(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Center for Preventive Medicine Research, Beijing 100013 ,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心 [2]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心 [4]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心 [5]北京市密云区疾病预防控制中心 [6]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心 [7]北京市石景山区疾病预防控制中心 [8]北京市燕山疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2017年第5期200-203,219,共5页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：北京市科技计划(编号:Z121100000312007)

摘　　要：目的研究室内外环境空气中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)分布特征。方法在某城市选择7个典型地区,设置室内外监测点,于2013年5月-2014年4月每月连续一周监测PM_(2.5)中16种PAHs。选择一个地区设置室内外监测点,跟踪2013年1月中发生的3次严重雾霾和2013年2月春节燃放鞭炮天气下PM_(2.5)中16种PAHs污染情况。结果7个典型地区室内外PM_(2.5)中16种PAHs年均总浓度(中位值和四分位值)分别为22.4(12.8~70.3)ng/m^3和24.4(14.2~74.7)ng/m^3,室外PAHs总浓度高于室内(Z=-14.61,P<0.01)。16种PAHs中苯并(b)荧蒽物质的浓度最高。燃煤季PAHs浓度明显高于其他时间(Z=-10.04,P<0.01)。7个典型地区间PHAs浓度存在差异(χ~2=17.48,P<0.01),其中水泥工业区、扬尘区和机场燃油尾气区浓度最高,其次是汽车尾气区和燃煤发电厂区,化工工业区和对照区最低。三种不同天气中PAHs浓度依次为雾霾天>燃放烟花天>晴好天气(室内:χ~2=46.0,P<0.01;室外:χ~2=23.0,P<0.01)。与晴好天气比较,雾霾期间PAHs总浓度增长5.6倍,其中苯并(K)荧蒽增加幅度最大。PAHs与PM_(2.5)呈相关性(P<0.01,2-tailed,r室内为0.504,r室外为0.493)。结论燃煤季节和极端天气PAHs污染加剧,燃油、燃煤、工业以及扬尘等不同地区PAHs污染程度不同。Objective T o study the characteristics of 16 PAHs in air particle matter（ PM2.5）. Methods Seven typical regions in a city were selected to set up indoor/outdoor surveillance sites for one week continuous sampling each month from May 2013 to April 2014. One region was selected to set up outdoor surveillance site for sampling during the haze weathers in January 2013 and fireworks allowed Spring Festival of February 2013, respectively. 16 PAHs in PM2.5 were measured. Results Th e overall concentrations （ median and P25 -P75）of indoor and outdoor PAHs in PM2.5 were 22.4（12. 8 -70. 3 ） n g / m 3 和 24. 4（14. 2 -74. 7）ng/m3,respectively. PAHs in Outdoor samples were higher than those in indoor samples （Z = - 14. 61, P 〈0. 01）, andthe concentration of benzo （ b） fluoranthene was the highest among 16 PAHs. The PAHs concentration of winter heating season was higher than those of other seasons （ Z = -10. 04,P〈0. 01）. The PAHs concentrations among seven type areas were different（χ^2 = 17. 48 , P 〈 0. 01 ） and the pollutants from industry area, dust area and aviation fuel emissions were highest, followed by thosefrom vehicle emissions, coal-burning power plant. The PAHs concentrations in light industry area and clean district were the lowest. During the period of haze, the fireworks allowed days and fine weather （ when ambient PM2.5 concentration was lower than the standard value of 75 （jug/m3 ） , the PAHs concentrations showed statistically significant bias （indoor：χ^2 = 46. 0 ,P 〈 0. 01 ; outdoor：χ^2 =23.0,P〈0. 01）, those of haze w as the highest, followed by fireworks allowed days, and that of fine weather was the lowest. Compared with fine weather, PAHs concentrations increased 5. 6 times during the haze, and the increasement rate of Benzo（ k） fluoranthene was the highest in 16 PAHs. There was a linear relationships between PAHs and PM2.5 （P 〈 0. 01,2 - tailed, rindoor = 0. 504 , routdoor = 0. 493 ）. Conclusion Extreme weather result ed

关 键 词：多环芳烃 分布特征 室内外空气 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]