北京市某社区婴幼儿家长铅暴露危害知识现况调查  

Survey on the awareness of lead exposure and health impacts among parents of infants and young children in a community,Beijing

作　　者：方秀杰 刘凯[2] 邹天森[2] 吕占禄[2] FANG Xiu- jie;LIU Kai;ZOU Tian- sen;LU Zhan-lu(Dongcheng District Management Center for Community Health Service, Beijing 100010 ,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区社区卫生服务管理中心,100010 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境安全研究中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2017年第5期245-247,共3页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的调查北京市某社区婴幼儿家长对铅暴露危害知识的知晓情况和卫生习惯,为开展血铅知识宣传工作提供依据。方法选取2015年5-6月到某社区保健科保健的婴幼儿家长进行问卷调查。结果 93名调查对象中,仅有2.2%的家长对铅暴露危害相关知识了解较全面,>12月龄的婴幼儿家长知晓率高于≤12月龄的家长(P<0.05),本地居民铅相关知识知晓率高于流动居民,但是差异无统计学意义。知识来源以网络和医生为主。80%以上的家庭具有良好卫生习惯,但是流动居民家庭在个人卫生、无烟环境及家庭除尘等方面明显低于本地居民,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。>12月龄的婴幼儿食用高铅食品的比例显著增多。结论被调查婴幼儿家长铅暴露及危害知识知晓率较低,生活中缺乏针对性的预防行为,应积极开展铅暴露危害知识及预防措施的宣传教育工作。Objective T o understand the awareness rate of lead exposure and health impacts a nd health habitamong parents of Infants and young children in a community, providing a basis information for health education on community level. Methods Infants and young children who had visited community health service management center in May and June, 2015 were selected as the objects. The questionnaire was completed by their parents. Results T h e results s h o w e d that awareness rate of lead exposure and health impacts was quite low. Only 2. 2% parents had comprehensive knowledge of lead exposure and impacts. The parents with young children over the age of 12 months had significantly higher awareness rate than those with infants under 12 months old（P〈0. 05）. The higher awareness rate was shown among residents than those non-residents. The knowledge was mainly come from internet and doctors. More than 80% family had personal hygiene customs. However, non-residents showed poorer personal hygiene, smoking-free environment and de-dusting in comparison with residents （ P 〈 0 . 0 5 ） . Additionally, children over the age of 12 months were more likely to intake food with higher level of lead （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion There are very low rate of awareness of knowledge of lead and lack of behavior to preventive children 5 s lead exposure among parents of infants and young children. All suggested that propaganda work on knowledge of lead need to be reinforced.

关 键 词：知晓率 铅暴露 铅危害 婴幼儿 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]