外来入侵物种温室蟾的大陆发现及其种群研究  

First Record of An Alien Invasive Species Eleutherodactylus planirostris in China's Mainland,and Its Population Study

作　　者：林石狮 王健 吕植桐 梁佩英 罗林 王新 王英永 LIN Shishi;WANG Jian;LV Zhitong;LIANG Peiying;LUO Lin;WANG Xin;WANG Yingyong(Guangdong Vocational College of Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan, Guangdong Province 528216, China;The Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;Shenzhen Wildlife Protection Administration, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518000, China;The Nature Reserve Management Office of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510173, China)

机构地区：[1]广东环境保护工程职业学院,广东佛山528216 [2]中山大学生物博物馆,广州510275 [3]深圳市野生动植物保护管理处,广东深圳518000 [4]广东省自然保护区管理办公室,广州510173

出　　处：《四川动物》2017年第6期680-685,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：深圳市城管局野生动物调查项目;佛山市公共服务与能力提升项目(2015AB004292);广东环境保护工程职业学院院长基金项目(KY201302010)

摘　　要：2017年7月在广东省深圳市发现外来入侵物种——温室蟾Eleutherodactlylus planirostris,这是该种侵入中国内陆的首次记录。结合在深圳市的长期调查监测,以及本次在发现地周边市政绿地及其他公园展开的补充调查可以确认,该种目前在深圳仅见于中心区新建香蜜公园内的3个单独区域,推测可能是通过苗木移栽带入。深圳种群2种色型均有,比例相近;雌性最大个体的头体长25.0 mm;成年个体以雌性为主,第一次调查时成幼比为5/15,第二次调查为49/2;剖胃显示其主要以猛蚁Cryptopone sp.为食,有少量双纹小蠊Blattella bisignata,隔日处理的标本均无胃内含物。整体上该种群雌性多、幼体生长快速、消化能力强,判定处于强扩张状态;相比同域分布的本土蛙类,种群密度明显更高。该种被认为是两栖类最成功的入侵种之一,种群适应能力和扩张能力强,苗木和园林工程涉及的泥土运输很可能是其快速传播的主要途径。在珠三角园林绿化产业高度发达的背景下,亟待与相关行业紧密合作,严密监测温室蟾种群扩张动态并开展专项调查研究。An alien invasive species greenhouse frog （Eleutherodactylus planirostris）, which is considered as one of the most successful invasive species of amphibians, was found in Honey Park in downtown of Shenzhen （southern Guangdong province, China） in July, 2017. This is the first record of this foreign species in China's Mainland. Line transect surveys were further conducted in municipal green-land and green belts around Honey Park from 10 July to 16 July, 2017 in order to preliminarily understand how this species influence the native species. During the survey, E. planirostris was only found in the 3 isolated distribution areas in Honey Park, and showed higher population density than native species. We then randomly collected 21 specimens including 2 kinds of color types, and 10 of them were dissected for anatomic study. It was found that all of the adult individuals were females. Cryptopone sp. and Blattella bisignata were the only detected contents in stomach, and no stomach contents were found in the specimens which were made on the alternate day. The proportion of adult and juvenile was 5/15 according to our first survey and 49/2 in the subsequently survey. We considered that the Shenzhen population of the species was experiencing a strong population expansion according to the findings of large number of female individuals, fast growth rate and strong digest ability of juvenile individuals. Plant and garden soil trade might be the major invasion path. The invasion history of this E. planirostris population in Shenzhen still remains unclear and requires long-term monitoring.

关 键 词：外来入侵种 温室蟾 深圳市 苗木和泥土运输 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]