巴音布鲁克国家级自然保护区繁殖鸟类调查  

Breeding Birds in Bayanbulak National Alpine Grassland Nature Reserve of Xinjiang,China

作　　者：童玉平 徐峰[1] 崔鹏[2] 文翠华[1] 杨维康[1] TONG Yuping;XU Feng;CUI Peng;WEN Cuihua;YANG Weikang(Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Environmental Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing 210042, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,国家环境保护生物安全重点实验室,南京210042 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《四川动物》2017年第6期702-707,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31401986);中国科学院项目天山重要生物资源保育与遗传资源挖掘项目(TSS-2015-014-FW-4-1);环保部鸟类多样性监测项目(Y453091001)

摘　　要：2014—2016年每年5—6月鸟类繁殖季,对新疆天山中部的巴音布鲁克国家级自然保护区繁殖鸟类进行调查。保护区是大天鹅Cygnus cygnus、灰鹤Grus grus、斑头雁Anser indicus等珍稀鸟类的重要繁殖地,同时也是我国第一个为保护大天鹅正式成立的保护区。经过连续3年的调查,共发现繁殖鸟类61种,隶属于11目24科47属,以留鸟和夏候鸟为主。其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类1种,黑鹳Ciconia nigra,最多一次在2个地点记录到4只,其中2只为亚成体,证明该保护区有黑鹳的稳定繁殖种群。国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类7种,分别为大天鹅、黑鸢Milvus migrans、草原雕Aquila nipalensis、高山兀鹫Gyps himalayensis、燕隼Falco subbuteo、灰鹤、蓑羽鹤Anthropoides virgo。保护区鸟类主要分为2类:1)繁殖水鸟如大天鹅、赤麻鸭Tadorna ferruginea、红脚鹬Tringa totanus等;2)荒漠草原鸟类如角百灵Eremophila alpestris、沙Oenanthe isabellina和黄嘴朱顶雀Carduelis flavirostris等。Bayanbulak National Alpine Grassland Nature Reserve （BNAGNR） is famous for its key role for protecting the breeding water birds such as Cygnus cygnus, Grus grus, and Anser indicus. Meanwhile, BNAGNR is the first nature reserve of protecting C. cygnus in China. In this study, the diversity of breeding birds in BNAGNR was surveyed in May and June, 2014-2016 （twice per year）. A total of 61 bird species belonging to 47 genera, 24 families, and 11 orders were recorded, and summer visitors and residents were the dominant species. Specifically, Ciconia nigra, which is Class Ⅰ nationally protected bird species, was ever recorded in 2 different places with 4 individuals. Seven species of Class Ⅱ nationally protected bird species, including C. cygnus, G. grus, Anthropoides virgo, Falco subbuteo, Aquila nipalensis, Milvus migrans, and Gyps himalayensis were also recorded. Water birds such as C. cygnus, Tadorna ferruginea, and Tringa totanus, and grassland birds such as Eremophila alpestris, Oenanthe isabellina, and Carduelis flavirostris were dominant species in BNAGNR.

关 键 词：巴音布鲁克国家级自然保护区 繁殖 多样性 水鸟 猛禽 草原 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]