区域城市化发展对土壤重金属Cd含量空间分异的影响——以晋中盆地为例  

Effects of Regional Urbanization on Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal Cd Content in Soil——A Case Study in the Jinzhong Basin

作　　者：刘斌[1] 郭星 

机构地区：[1]山西省社会科学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2017年第11期1818-1822,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070424);山西省软科学研究计划重点项目(2017042014-7)

摘　　要：经济的发展、人口规模的扩大、基础设施的增加等因素促进了城市的发展,也导致了一系列生态环境问题,影响土壤环境质量。通过对晋中盆地12个县市进行土壤采样,测定了土壤重金属Cd的含量,并运用经典统计学方法、地统计学方法结合GIS技术,分析了盆地内Cd的土壤赋存特征、空间分布及污染来源。结果表明,研究区重金属Cd的均值均大于山西土壤背景值及国家土壤质量二级标准,分别为山西土壤背景值和国家土壤质量二级标准的3.04倍和1.03倍,污染程度已较为严重;Cd含量与指数模型可以较好拟合,块基比为0.596,为中等空间自相关,并且表现为明显的各向异性;从空间分布来看,Cd的污染呈现为面状分布,整体污染严重,污染来源可能与农业活动中化肥、粪便和污水的灌溉有关,盆地南部污染情况高于北部地区,这可能与南部地区的农业耕作制度有关。The factors of economic development,the expansion of population size and the increase in infrastructure promote the development of the city,but also lead to a series of ecological and environmental problems that affecting soil quality.The heavy metals content of Cd tested by collecting the samples in surface soil in Jinzhong basin,and the soil characteristics,spatial distribution,sources of pollution of Cd in the basins was analyzed by using the classical statistical method and geostatistics method.The results showed that the average value of heavy metal Cd in the study area was higher than that of Shanxi soil background value and national soil quality standard,which was 3.04 times and 1.03 times of the background value and secondary standard,respectively,indicating that the pollution degree was more serious.Cd contents could be well fitted with and exponential model,nugget variance of 0.596,which was medium spatial autocorrelation and obvious anisotropy.From the spatial distribution,the pollution of Cd appeared as a planar distribution,and the whole pollution was serious,sources of pollution might be related to the irrigation of fertilizers,feces and sewage in agricultural activities,the pollution in the southern part of the basin was higher than the northern region,which might be related to the agricultural farming system in the southern region.

关 键 词：晋中盆地 城市化 重金属 半方差函数 单因子污染指数 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]