105株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性  

Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance Analysis of 105 Strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

作　　者：宋江勤 欧阳娟[1] 姚文丽[1] 胡晓蓉[1] 张霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]天门市第一人民医院检验科,湖北天门471003

出　　处：《医学新知》2017年第5期482-484,共3页New Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的临床分布及药敏试验,为临床合理使用抗生素及控制医院感染提供依据.方法 回顾性分析本院2013年1月至2015年12月分离的MRSA菌株,用WHO-NET 5.6软件分别按照科室分布、标本来源、年龄段及药物敏感性进行统计分析,用SPSS 17.0软件进行组间比较.结果 3年间共分离出金黄色葡萄球菌797株,其中MRSA 105株,分离率为13.2%.MRSA的标本来源以痰液、伤口分泌物、血液为主,分别占47.6%、27.6%、8.6%.临床科室分布以普外科、ICU、骨外科为主,分别占20.00%、14.30%、13.30%.MRSA对多种抗菌药物均呈不同程度的耐药性,对万古霉素、利奈唑胺全敏感.对苯唑西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛、头孢西丁、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、左旋氧氟沙星、克林霉素、红霉素的耐药率均高于MSSA,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 MRSA的耐药形势十分严峻,应定期监测MRSA的临床分布及耐药性,并采取有效措施预防和控制医院感染的发生.Objective To analyze clinical distribution and drug sensitivity of methicilliu - resistant Staphylococ- cus aureus（MRSA） in order to provide evidence for rational use of antibiotics and control nosocomial infection. Meth- ods MRSA strains were separated from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2015 and were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software accord- ing to department distribution, specimen source, age and drug susceptibility. SPSS17.0 software was used to compare the data. Results 797 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in our hospital, among which 105 MRSA strains were isolated. The isolation rate of MRSA was 13.2%. The sources of MRSA were mainly sputum, wound secretions and blood,accounting for 47.6% ,27.6% ,8.6% respectively. The distribution of clinical departments were general surgery, ICU and bone surgery, accounting for 20.00% , 14.30% and 13.30% respectively. MRSA showed varying de- grees of resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents and was sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. The resistances of MRSA to oxacillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, gentamicin, tobramycin, levofloxacin, clinda- mycin and erythromycin were all higher than those of MSSA （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Drug resistance of MRSA is very serious. It is necessary to monitor clinical distribution and drug resistance of MRSA regularly and take effective measures to prevent and control nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 临床分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]