柴油机复合涡轮余热发电系统及电动热管理用电系统综合节油潜力研究  

Investigation into Comprehensive Fuel Saving Potential of Diesel with Electric Turbo-compounding Waste Heat Recovery Power Generation and Electric Thermal Management Power Consumption Systems

作　　者：何冠璋 谢辉 谷志伟 HE Guanzhang;XIE Hui;GU Zhiwei(School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械学院,天津300072

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2017年第5期112-120,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2011CB707206)

摘　　要：针对发电复合涡轮余热回收技术对发动机燃油经济性影响的评价及节油潜力的问题,基于自行研制的发电复合涡轮余热回收系统及电动热管理系统,在回收电能得到使用的条件下研究了影响发动机燃油经济性的关键因素及两套系统的综合节油潜力。首先,分别分析了发电复合涡轮转速和发动机入口水温对复合涡轮余热系统的发电功率和热管理电动附件耗电功率的影响,明确了产能及用能的变化规律;其次,基于实测数据分析了试验条件下柴油发动机复合涡轮余热发电与电动热管理用电的实际综合节油能力,明确了影响发动机燃油经济性的关键因素;最后,根据关键因素影响油耗的规律对两套系统的综合节油潜力进行了预测分析。结果显示:柴油发动机在1 300r/min试验转速且负荷分别为25%、50%和75%工况下,复合涡轮发电量均能满足电动热管理附件的用电需求,发动机比油耗与基础发动机相比分别降低7.2%、4%和2.6%;增压涡轮及动力涡轮的等熵效率是影响系统燃油经济性的重要因素,提升等熵效率可降低废气能量回收过程中的泵气损失;在试验转速且负荷为75%工况下,随着等熵效率的提升,比油耗可在实测综合油耗的基础上进一步降低,最大降幅为4.1%,若考虑产、用能平衡策略,则该工况下比油耗可降至180.8g/(kW·h)。所提产、用能方案及分析方法可为基于余热回收技术开展的发动机节能减排研究提供参考。Considering influence assessment of electric turbo-compounding waste heat recovery technology on engine fuel economy and its fuel saving potential, the critical parameters affecting fuel economy and comprehensive fuel saving potential are investigated on a self-designed test bench as the recovered power is actually used by electric thermal management system. The influences of power turbine rotating speed on electric power and engine coolant inlet temperature on electric accessories power consumption are discussed, and the governing rules are revealed. The actual fuel saving capacity of these two systems is then analyzed according to measured data,and the critical parameters affecting fuel economy are determined. The fuel saving potential is predicted following the influencing regulation of critical parameters. The results show that the maximum electric power generated can meet the demand of thermal management system at 25 %, 50% and 75% of load and 1 300 rpm engine speed, and the brake specific fuel consumption reduces by 7.2%, 4% and 2.6%, respectively. The isentropic efficiencies of charging turbine and power turbine are key parameters affecting comprehensive fuel economy, and the pumping loss power can be reduced as the isentropic efficiency increases. The brake specific fuel consumption further reduces at 75 % of load and 1 300 rpm as the isentropic efficiency of turbines becomes higher, and the maximum reduction can be as much as 4. 1%. Reduction of 0.95% for specific fuel consumption can be obtained if the balance between energy generation and energy consumption is considered.

关 键 词：柴油机 发电复合涡轮 电动热管理 节油潜力 

分 类 号：TK448.21[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]