大气环境中金属及其保护层霉菌腐蚀研究的进展  

Research progress on fungal corrosion of metals and their protective layers in atmospheric environments

作　　者：刘倩倩 卢琳[1] 高歌 李晓刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心,北京100083

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2017年第10期1463-1469,共7页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金钢铁联合基金资助项目(U1560104)

摘　　要：微生物及其生命特征严重影响着材料的服役性能与寿命.目前大量的研究集中在细菌腐蚀领域,对于大气环境中真菌造成的腐蚀行为与机理研究较少.事实上,在大气环境中存在着大量的霉菌,其生命活动对金属及涂、镀层的腐蚀也具有重要的影响.本文综述了霉菌的生化特性与腐蚀的关系,讨论了在大气环境中霉菌对金属及涂、镀层材料腐蚀行为的影响,并归纳了霉菌腐蚀的相关机理;同时根据腐蚀特征的对比分析可知,霉菌腐蚀与细菌腐蚀具有一定的差异性,其主要原因在于两类菌的代谢产物不同.目前,对金属及涂、镀层材料的霉菌腐蚀研究大多停留在对材料表面霉菌腐蚀现象的描述和产物的分析等方面,缺乏对霉菌生命活动与腐蚀速度的定量表征,缺乏对霉菌引起的腐蚀过程动力学规律的研究,这将是未来研究工作的重点.Microorganisms and their characteristic metabolisms seriously affect the service performance and service life of materials. To date,most studies have concentrated on the bacterial corrosion of materials and comparatively few have focused on the corrosion behavior and mechanisms fungi exhibit in atmospheric environments. Many fungi exist in the atmosphere and their activities significantly influence the corrosion of metals and coatings. In this paper,the relationship was reviewed between the biochemical characteristics of fungi and the corrosion behaviors of these materials,the effects of fungal corrosion behavior were discussed on metal and coating materials in atmospheric environments,and the mechanism of fungal corrosion was described. By contrasting the features of two types of corrosion,It was found that fungal corrosion mainly differ from bacterial corrosion with respect to their respective metabolites.Currently,most fungal corrosion research has been limited to phenomenal description and corrosion product analysis and has lacked any quantitative characterization of fungal metabolism and corrosion kinetics,which merits greater emphasis in future research.

关 键 词：霉菌腐蚀 有机涂层 金属镀层 电化学行为 生化特性 

分 类 号：Q939.98[生物学—微生物学]