次生硫化铜矿微生物浸出实验  

Secondary copper sulfide bioleaching experiments

作　　者：尹升华[1,2,3] 王雷鸣 潘晨阳 陈勋[1,2,3] 谢芳芳 艾纯明[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京金诚信矿山技术研究院有限公司,北京101500 [4]辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院,葫芦岛125105

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2017年第10期1498-1506,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374035;51574013;51604138);新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-13-0669);全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目(201351)

摘　　要：微生物浸矿是提取低品位,难选次生硫化铜矿中有价元素的最有效方法之一.本研究利用嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidthiobacillus ferrooxidans)浸取福建某难选次生硫化铜矿,依次开展浸矿菌富集培养实验、驯化转代实验和不同粒径配比下柱浸试验,获得了不同阶段的细菌浓度、pH值、铜浸出率等演变规律;并结合电子计算机断层扫描技术实现了柱内矿堆塌落、截面孔隙演化和浸矿机理研究.研究表明:细菌浓度和pH值均呈现缓慢增加后趋降低的趋势,浸柱中细菌增殖较慢,浸矿480 h后,细菌浓度仅为每毫升5×107个.浸矿过程中,细颗粒趋于向柱底迁移,矿堆出现塌落;柱顶孔隙率变大,增幅为6.65%,柱底孔隙率变小,降幅为8.29%;塌落程度与细粒含量成正比,最小塌落为1.7 mm,最大塌落为6.15 mm.入堆矿石粒径极大影响着柱浸体系的浸出效果.实验中柱浸B组(粒径r<1 mm占28.41%)浸矿效果最佳,浸矿480 h后铜浸出率达47.23%.Bioleaching is one of the most effective methods of extracting valuable elements from low-grade,refractory secondary copper sulfide. In this research,Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was used to leach refractory secondary copper sulfide from Fujian Province. The bioleaching microorganisms were added to the culture,domesticated,and column leaching experiments. These were based on different particle size ratios and carried out sequentially. Based on this experiments,the evolution disciplinarians of bacterial concentration,pH values and copper extraction rates were obtained at different stages. Using computed tomography（CT） technology,ore heap slumping inside the columns,cross section porosity evolution and leaching mechanisms were studied. The results indicate that bacterial concentration and pH values present trends that increase first and then stabilize. The proliferation of bacteria in the leaching columns is slower and the bacterial concentration is only 5 × 10^7 per m L after 480 h. During the leaching process,fine particles tend to move to the bottom of columns and the ore heap slump phenomenon appears. On the top surface of the column the porosity tends to begreater with increase rate of 6. 65%,conversely,this tends to be smaller at the column bottom,and its decreases rate is 8. 29%. The slump degree is proportional to the fines content; the minimum slump is 1. 7 mm and the maximum 6. 15 mm. Ore particle size is the key factor in the leaching process; column B（with particle size r 1 mm accounted for 28. 41% of whole ores quality） shows the best copper extraction rate of 47. 23% after 480 h.

关 键 词：次生硫化铜矿 嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌 摇瓶 柱浸 铜浸出率 

分 类 号：TD853.3[矿业工程—金属矿开采]