玛咖根腐病菌的生物学特性及防治药剂室内筛选  

Biological Characteristics of Pathogen Causing Maca Root Rot Disease and Its Fungicides Laboratory Screening

作　　者：魏蜜[1] 朱洁倩 张伟[1,2] 金文闻[3,4] 傅本重[1] 李国元 

机构地区：[1]湖北工程学院,生命科学技术学院/特色果蔬质量安全控制湖北省重点实验室,湖北孝感432000 [2]湖北大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430062 [3]华中科技大学生命科学与技术学院,资源生物学与生物技术研究所,湖北武汉430074 [4]武汉生物技术研究院,湖北武汉430075

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期787-792,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2016CFB204);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31600055);特色果蔬质量安全控制湖北省重点实验室开放基金重点资助项目(2016K07)

摘　　要：【目的】明确玛咖根腐病病原菌Fusarium avenaceum ROT-2的生物学特性和最佳的室内抑菌药剂,为玛咖的高产及高品质栽培奠定理论基础。【方法】采用单因素试验法,考察不同培养基配方、不同碳源、氮源、温度、pH、光照与通气条件对燕麦镰刀菌菌丝生长的影响,并选用3种常见农药对病原菌进行室内药剂筛选研究。【结果】马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(PDA)和燕麦培养基(OA)最利于该燕麦镰刀菌的生长,菌落直径大且菌丝浓密,碳源和氮源以淀粉和硝酸钠较适宜,最适生长温度为21℃,致死温度为55℃,在p H 4~10条件下均生长良好,在p H为6时生长最佳,黑暗及不通气条件更有利于燕麦镰刀菌丝生长。【结论】在供试的3种药剂中,80%代森锰锌抑菌效果最好,在质量浓度1.00 mg/m L时相对抑菌率为88.8%,EC50为0.140 9mg/m L。[Purpose] Our aim was to elucidate the biological characteristics and suitable fungicides for the pathogen of root rot on maca and to provide theoretical basis for high yield and high quality cultivation of maca. [Method] The mycelium growth of F. avenaceum ROT-2 were studied through single factor test method under different conditions including different culture medium,different carbon source,nitrogen source,temperature,p H,lighting and ventilation conditions. In addition,the fungicides against the pathogen were investigated in this study. [Results] The results indicated that thepathogen mycelium grew well on PDA and OA under 21 ℃,the colony diameter was larger and the mycelium was thicker. Starch and Na NO3 were the best carbon and nitrogen resource,respectively.The pathogen hyphe were grown well under p H 4-10,while the optimum p H for mycelial growth was6,and the lethal temperature was 55 ℃. The dark and stuffy conditions were more conducive to the mycelium growth. [Conclusion] The most effective fungicide was 80% Mancozeb among the three tested reagents,and the relative inhibition rate was 88. 8% under the mass concentration of 1. 00 mg/m L,when the EC_（50） values was 0. 140 9 mg/m L.

关 键 词：玛咖 根腐病 燕麦镰刀菌 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]