填充纳米粒子提高硅橡胶耐电弧性的作用机理  

Mechanism of Filling Nanoparticles to Improving Arc Resistance of Silicone Rubber

作　　者：晏年平 周求宽[1] 王子悦 雷璟[3] 

机构地区：[1]国网江西省电力公司电力科学研究院,南昌330096 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京100084 [3]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2017年第11期3748-3755,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(编号略)~~

摘　　要：在硅橡胶基体中填充一定质量分数的纳米粒子是提高硅橡胶材料耐电弧性的重要方法。为此,针对填充纳米粒子提高硅橡胶耐电弧性的作用机理展开了研究,通过填充不同质量分数的氢氧化铝(ATH)和氮化硼(BN)纳米粒子,制备了不同耐电弧性的硅橡胶试样,结合扫描电子显微镜、击穿电场强度、热失重分析和导热系数等实验结果,分析讨论了填充纳米粒子提高硅橡胶耐电弧性的作用机理。结果表明:填充ATH可提高试样的耐电弧性,当ATH填充质量分数约为75%时试样的耐电弧性最优;只填充BN无法提高试样的耐电弧性;同时填充少量的BN和ATH可显著提高试样的耐电弧性,但其中BN填充质量分数最大应在25%~50%之间。分析认为,所填充的纳米粒子是从提高硅橡胶的导热性和热稳定性、自身分解吸热以及避免碳元素残留这4个方面同时作用,提高了硅橡胶材料的耐电弧性。Filling with a certain percentage of inorganic particles is an important method to improve the arc resistance of silicone rubber. In order to research the mechanism of filling nanoparticles to improve the arc resistance of silicone rubber, different arc resistance silicone rubber samples were prepared by filling with different percentages of aluminum hydroxide （ATH） and boron nitride （BN） nanoparticles. With the test results of scanning electron microscope, breakdown field strength, thermogravimetric analysis and thermal conductivity, the mechanism of improving the arc resistance of silicone rubber by nanoparticles filling was discussed. The results show that filling ATH only can improve the arc resistance of the sample and reach the optimunt as the filled percentage is about 75% by mass, filling BN only cannot improve the arc re- sistance, with a small amount of BN and ATH being filled together, the arc resistance of the sample can be improved significantly, whereas the maximum filling amount of BN should be between 25% and 50% by mass. Analysis shows that the filled nanoparticles can improve the arc resistance of silicone rubber from enhancing thermal conductivity and thermal stability, absorbing heat by self-decomposition, and avoiding carbon residual four aspects simultaneously.

关 键 词：硅橡胶 氢氧化铝 氮化硼 纳米粒子填充 导热系数 热稳定性 耐电弧性 

分 类 号：TM215.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]