维管植物木质部水分传输过程的影响因素及研究进展  

A review on water transport in xylem of vascular plants and its affecting factors

作　　者：张红霞 袁凤辉[1] 关德新[1] 王安志[1] 吴家兵[1] 金昌杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室(沈阳应用生态研究所),沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第11期3281-3288,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31670707;31400541;41675112);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB429902-2);中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD-SW-305)资助

摘　　要：维管植物的水分传输过程一直是植物学家关注的重点,木质部是植物体内长距离运输的组织之一,为维管植物提供了一个将水分从根运输到叶的低阻力通道。木质部在结构上形成了一个相互连通的网络管道结构,外部环境要素的改变(水分胁迫、氮沉降、光照等)引起的植物体内水势及木质部网络管道结构的变化直接影响植物的水分传输过程。本文从植物水分传输驱动力和内部木质部微观结构出发,总结了水分传输机理过程,概述了影响木质部水分传输的直接和间接因素,并在全球变化背景下,在植物内部观测技术、考虑多因子的综合作用等研究方面进行了展望。The mechanism of water transport in vascular plants is one of the most important topics in plant research.As a long-distance-transport tissue in vascular plants,xylem provides a low resistance pathway for water movement from root to leaf.Since the xylem is a structural network of interconnected conduits,altered network structure of xylem following the changes in abiotic factors（e.g.water stress,nitrogen deposition,light,etc.） directly affects the dynamics of water transport in plants.Based on the review of driving force and microstructure for xylem water transport,up-to-date understanding of the mechanism of xylem water transport was briefly summarized in this paper,and the direct and indirect impacts of abiotic factors on the xylem water transport were also discussed.Finally,a promising observation technique for xylem network structure was introduced and further studies on the interaction of various factors in xylem water transport were suggested.

关 键 词：水力导度 木质部管道结构 水分胁迫 氮沉降 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]