核磁共振技术在森林凋落物分解研究中的应用  

Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance in the study of plant litter decomposition in forest ecosystems

作　　者：王玉哲 刘先 胡亚林[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第11期3311-3320,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41603081);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题(Y20160022);福建农林大学林学院青年基金项目(61201400821)资助

摘　　要：凋落物分解是连接森林生态系统地上和地下部分的关键过程,影响着森林生态系统的养分循环,对全球碳(C)循环和森林生态系统生产力具有重要的调控作用。特别是,在当前全球气候变化的背景下,研究森林凋落物不同有机C组分的分解动态对于了解土壤有机质的形成、稳定性及其对气候变化的反馈效应至关重要。核磁共振技术(NMR)具有无损和非侵入等特点,是研究有机化合物结构的有效手段,已在凋落物分解研究中得到广泛应用。本文概述了NMR技术应用于森林凋落物分解过程的最新研究进展,包括森林凋落物有机C基团的NMR特征,凋落物分解过程中不同C基团的变化特征及其机理、凋落物分解过程的NMR评价指标等,并分析了NMR技术在凋落物分解研究中存在的问题和未来研究方向。NMR技术将有助于了解凋落物有机C基团的分解特征及其对土壤有机质形成和稳定的影响机理。Litter decomposition links the above-and below-ground carbon（C） and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems,and plays a key role in the global C cycles through its controls on fluxes of carbon dioxide（CO2） and the formation of soil organic matter（SOM）.Thus,it is important to investigate the dynamics of organic C composition in decomposing litter under global climate change.Unlike traditional proximate wet-chemical analyses,nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR）spectroscopy is a non-destructive and non-invasive technique,and has been considered as a valuable tool in the characterization of the chemical compositional changes of organic C during plant litter decomposition at the level of functional group.The aim of this study was to give an overview of the application of NMR technique in the study of plant litter decomposition.We summarized the peer-reviewed articles that contained NMR spectra of both undecomposed and decomposed litters based on four plant groups（broadleaf trees,conifers,shrubs,grasses）.The dynamics of different organic C functional groups and their ratios in litter during decomposition as well as the underlying mechanisms were discussed.NMR technique would be helpful to improve our understanding of the decomposition of different organic C groups in litter and its controls on the built-up of soil organic matter.

关 键 词：核磁共振 森林 凋落物分解 有机碳基团 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]