退耕还林(草)工程对农户生计的影响研究——以甘肃秦巴山区为例  

Project of Conversion of Cropland to Forest( Grass) Effect on Farmers' Livelihood: A Case Study of Qinba Mountain Area in Gansu Province

作　　者：孙贵艳[1,2] 王传胜 

机构地区：[1]重庆社会科学院,重庆400020 [2]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2017年第5期54-58,共5页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(1171109)

摘　　要：以甘肃秦巴山区为研究对象,从宏观和微观两个层面探究退耕还林(草)工程对农户生计产生的影响。在宏观层面上,主要阐述了新一轮退耕还林(草)工程对耕地、生态环境、农民收入、基础设施产生的影响。在微观层面上,借助实地问卷调查,并借鉴英国国家发展署可持续生计分析框架,对甘肃秦巴山区的退耕户与非退耕户的生计资本和生计多样化状况进行分析。结果表明:退耕户的生计资本与生计多样化状况都好于非退耕户。因此,应该加大推进新一轮退耕还林(草)工程实施的宣传、监管力度,创新退耕还林(草)工作机制,鼓励更多符合条件的农户加入到退耕还林(草)工程中来,积极拓宽劳务输出渠道,加大对自主创业农户的政策与资金支持力度。⑴Background——The project of returning grain plots to forest(grass)is a major decision to implement the strategy of sustainable development,and plays an important role in improving the ecological environment.Since 1990s,the sustainable livelihood analysis framework which is proposed by Department for International Development(DFID)has become one of the most widely used livelihood analysis tools.⑵Methods——According to the principle of random sampling,this paper selected 385 villages from 110towns in Longnan for investigating the situation of rural and rural households.On the macro level,this paper analyzed the impacts on the project of returning farmland to forest(grass)on cultivated land,environment,income,and infrastructure.Meanwhile,on the micro level,this paper compared the differences of livelihood capital and livelihood diversification between peasant households and non-peasant households.⑶Results——Through the analysis,it has been found that on the macro level the implementation of the project of returning grain plots to forest(grass)results in the arable land decreased,basic rations increased,the soil erosion controlled,the vegetation coverage enhanced,the farmer's income increased and the infrastructure improved.According to the data of questionnaire survey,the farmers who did not participate in the project of returning grain plots to forest(grass)accounted for 55.64%of the total number of investigations.The results of livelihood capital evaluation showed that,for the total livelihood of the total capital and 5 kinds of livelihood capital,peasant households were higher than non-peasant households,in which the total livelihood capital of peasant households is 1.18 which higher than non-peasant households(0.07).And among the 5 kinds of livelihood capital,the difference of the financial capital was relatively large and more obvious.The average per capita income of peasant households were slightly higher than the income of non-peasant households,and the difference of subsidy income was very si

关 键 词：退耕还林(草)工程 生计资本 生计多样化 甘肃秦巴山区 

分 类 号：F326.23[经济管理—产业经济]