家庭劳动力配置对西部农户非木质林产品经营效率的影响——基于成本效率和利润效率的分析  

Influence of Labor Allocation on Efficiency of Non-timber Forest Products for Western Chinese Households: Based on the Analysis of Cost Efficiency and Profit Efficiency

作　　者：薛彩霞[1] 姚顺波[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2017年第5期65-72,共8页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71403212);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(13YJC630194)

摘　　要：基于陕西省和四川省农户的调查数据,运用随机前沿分析方法对家庭劳动力配置差异农户非木质林产品(NTFP)的经营效率进行了研究,并分析了农户NTFP经营效率差异的影响因素。结果发现:西部农户NTFP经营的成本效率和利润效率整体上都处于中等水平,但家庭劳动力配置差异农户NTFP经营的成本效率和利润效率存在差异,纯农业型农户的成本效率和利润效率都最高,代际分工型农户次之;经营决策者是男性、教育程度较高、主要劳动力参与的农户NTFP经营的成本效率和利润效率较高;参加合作社有助于提高农户NTFP经营的成本效率,而林地质量和经营规模对农户NTFP经营的利润效率有显著的正向影响。⑴Background——In China,forestry entered the transition period from timber production to ecological construction in 1998.And non-timber forest products(NTFP)became a realistic choice for the development of forestry in Western China,because NTFP not only increases the incomes of households,but also helps to improve the ecological environment.The rational households chose NTFP in order to get the efficient allocation of resources.For Chinese households are generally part-time,non-agricultural income is the important sources of households'income.The households take into account the strength and weakness of each family member to balance the agricultural and non-agricultural labors.So the different labor allocation of households causes different efficiency in NTFP.⑵Methods——In view of the interdependence of labor division,the households were divided into five types on the basis of the labors allocation,the five types of households were the full-time agricultural household labors,the gender division of household labors,the intergenerational division of household labors,the mixed division of household labors and the ambiguity division of household labors.Based on the survey data of households in Shaanxi and Sichuan,the paper estimated and compared the cost efficiency and profit efficiency of NT-FP for households with different labors allocation from the goal of minimizing costs and maximizing profits by the trans-log stochastic frontier method.Then the influencing factors of households'NTFP on cost efficiency and profit efficiency were analyzed.The influencing factors include the variables reflecting the allocation of households labors and the control variables which include joining Agricultural Service Cooperative,the scale of forest land,the quality of forest land,and so on.⑶Results——The main results were as follows:Firstly,the cost efficiency and profit efficiency of NTFP were at the average in Western China.If the loss of efficiency was eliminated with the current technology in the present market,the

关 键 词：非木质林产品 农户 成本效率 利润效率 家庭劳动力配置 

分 类 号：F307.24[经济管理—产业经济]