基于历史输沙率的水库悬移质泥沙淤积计算  

Calculation of reservoir sedimentation based on historical sediment discharge rate

作　　者：李孟洋 陈樑[1] 傅开道 路金霞 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司,云南昆明650214 [3]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期995-1000,共6页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41261100;41571032;41561144012);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAB06B00)

摘　　要：水库泥沙淤积是电站运行管理中必须掌握的重要信息,梯级水电开发淹没了原有水文观测站断面,导致缺乏用于计算淤积量的出入库泥沙观测资料.论文提供一种较为精确估算梯级水库淤积的计算思路,选取小湾水库为案例,通过比对2015年与历史时期水库汇水区内气象站降雨资料,选用与2015年降雨量近似年份的输沙率,进行出入库悬移质输沙量的计算;采用Brune模型计算梯级水库拦沙率;综合考虑出入库输沙量与上下游水库的拦沙量,计算获得2015年小湾电站的库区淤积量为11.45×106t.研究结果为小湾水库水沙科学调度和安全运行提供理论依据.所使用的方法和研究结果可以为其它水库开展年淤积量计算提供技术参考.Reservoir sedimentation is important information for hydro-plant running and management. Howev- er, the original hydrological stations sections were submerged because of cascade hydropower development, and there is a lack of sediment observation data of in-out reservoir for sedimentation calculation.This paper provides a more accurate calculation method to estimate cascade reservoirs deposition.Taking Xiaowan reservoir for example, we compared historical rainfall data with data in 2015 within the reservoir catchment area, and selected sediment transport rate when the rainfall data are very close to 2015.Then suspended sediment loads at the in-out cross- sections of reservoir could be calculated based on the historical sediment transport rate. Meanwhile, Brune model was employed to calculate sediment trapping efficiencies of cascade reservoirs.Finally, we calculated that the sedi- mentation volume of Xiaowan reservoir area in 2015 is 11.45× 10^6 t.The results could provide theory basis for wa- ter-sediment schedule and safe operation of reservoir.The methodology and results in this paper can provide tech- nical reference for calculation of annual sedimentation volume of other reservoirs.

关 键 词：水库泥沙淤积 小湾水电站 Brune模型 澜沧江 

分 类 号：P426.615[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]