无回弹运动汽车与公路护栏碰撞力学模型研究  

Study on the Mathematical Models of the Car Crash Guardrail Without Spring Back Movement

作　　者：何烈云[1] 沈艾中 周鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江警察学院,杭州310053 [2]浙江省公安厅高速交警总队,杭州310016 [3]浙江省公安厅交管局,杭州310016

出　　处：《科技通报》2017年第11期251-255,共5页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2013TD09);公安部科技强警基础专项(2015GABJC41)

摘　　要：车辆与护栏碰撞是一个复杂的运动过程,受到车型、护栏类型、碰撞速度等因素影响。建立科学的碰撞数学模型是公路护栏设计、安装和改进的重要依据,对提高公路护栏在预防和减少道路交通事故方面有重要作用。通过车辆与护栏之间弹力与形变线性关系、及弹力与时间正弦关系、结合碰撞后车辆的平面运动特性,将车辆与护栏碰撞分为回弹型碰撞和无回弹型两类碰撞,在此基础建立了无回弹型汽车与公路护栏碰撞力的数学模型,用该模型预测汽车碰撞护栏碰撞力的数值,与现有国内外实车碰撞试验值对比,精度可以达到±5%。The process of collision between cars and guardrails is a complicated motion, affected by the factors of the vehicle types, forms of guardrails, impact velocity and so on. Establishing a scientific mathematic model of the impact motion, which serves as the important basis for design, installation, and improvement of the guardrails, has great contributions on the precaution and reduction in road accidents.The collisions between cars and guardrails are divided into rebound impact and non-rebound impact based on the linear relationship between the elastic force and deformation, the sine relationship between the elastic force and time as well as the cars' plane motion after the collision. The resulting mathematical model of non-rebound impacts between cars and guardrails has the great accuracy of ±5%in predicting the impact force between cars and guardrails, evidenced by the numerous real-car impact experiences in both domestic and overseas.

关 键 词：道路工程 力学模型 公路护栏 碰撞 回弹运动 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]