基于AMESIM的高速气缸新型缓冲装置缓冲性能研究  

Cushioning performance of a novel cushion device for high speed pneumatic cylinders based on AMESIM

作　　者：张日红[1,2] 杜群贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院机电工程学院,广州510225 [2]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510641

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2017年第21期92-98,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点实验室开放课题项目(SKLMT-KFKT-201503);广东省科技计划项目(2013B010203016)

摘　　要：目前气动技术在现代工业技术发展过程中占有重要的地位,而作为执行元件的气缸的应用更是普遍,气缸的工作速度逐步向高速方向发展,而性能良好的缓冲装置对于气缸以稳定而低速的状态停靠在行程终点具有极其重要的作用。通过仿真和实验分析发现基于压力释放阀缓冲调节阀在气缸缓冲性能调节方面存在调节范围小,容易引发气缸活塞速度的振荡,进一步提出了一种新型缓冲装置,该新型缓冲装置通过气缸缓冲腔余隙容积与压力调节阀的分段调节来实现气缸良好缓冲的调整。接下来在构建具有新型缓冲装置的高速气缸AMESIM数值模型的基础上,对气缸活塞速度为3.0~3.7 m/s,气缸执行系统可移动部件质量为4 kg工况条件下进行了仿真分析,分析结果显示了气缸速度在3.0~3.5变化时,通过调节气缸缓冲腔的余隙容积大小即可实现最佳缓冲,而气缸速度在3.5~3.7 m/s变化时,则通过调节压力调节阀来实现最佳缓冲。通过仿真还得出了气缸实现良好缓冲的分段调节范围,稳定调节范围相比单纯基于压力释放阀的缓冲调节方式有了很好的提升。Currently the pneumatic technology plays on important role in modern industrial technologies,pneumatic cylinders are more generally used as actuators,and their operation speed is gradually improved. So,cushion devices with good performance appear to be quite necessary for guaranteeing the pneumatic cylinder to be able to stop in a stable and slow speed status at the end of travel. Simulations and experimental analyse have found that the pneumatic cylinders installed with the traditional pressure relief valvel can only manually regulate the cushioning properties in a small adjustment range,and may easily lead to the fluctuation of piston speed. A novel cushion device was proposed to achieve better cushioning properties,in which the clearance volume of cushion chamber and the spring compression of pressure regulating valve can be regulated according to the variation of piston speed. An AMESIM numerical model for a high speed pneumatic cylinder with the novel cushion device was developed to perform the simulation with the piston speed varying in3. 0-3. 7 m/s and the mass of the moving parts in the actuator system being 4 kg. The analysis results show that when the maximum piston speed varies in 3. 0-3. 5 m/s,the optimum cushioning performance can be achieved by adjusting the clearance volume of cushion chamber,while when the maximum piston speed varies in 3. 5-3. 7 m/s,the spring compression of pressure regulating valve can be regulated to achieve the optimum cushioning performance. A better cushion adjustment range of the novel cushion device was determined through the simulation,comparing to the original pressure relief valvet.

关 键 词：高速气缸 新型缓冲装置 缓冲性能 AMESIM建模 

分 类 号：TH138.5[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH113.2