亚热带树种转换对林地土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响  

Effects of tree species transition on soil microbial community composition and functions in subtropical China

作　　者：丁国昌[1,2] 万晓华[3] 杨起帆[4] 林群星 黄志群[3] DING Guo-chang;WANG Xiao-hua;YANG Qi-fan;LIN Qun-xing;HUANG Zhi-qun(College of Arts ＆ Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Uni- versity, Fuzhou 350002, China;National Engineering Research Center for Forest Parks, State Fore- stry Administration, Fuzhou 350007, China;College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal Uni- versity, Fuzhou 350007, China;College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Lingshi Mountain Forest Park, Fuqing 350305, Fujian , China）.)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学艺术园林学院,福州350002 [2]国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心,福州350007 [3]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [4]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [5]灵石山森林公园,福建福清350305

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2017年第11期3751-3758,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371269);福建省种苗科技攻关项目(闽财指[2016]250)资助~~

摘　　要：通过分析杉木采伐迹地营造阔叶树种尾巨桉和固氮树种黑木相思人工林后土壤微生物群落组成和酶活性,探讨造林树种转换对于改善杉木林地土壤微生物特性的影响.结果表明:树种转换对土壤微生物群落组成和酶活性的影响主要局限于0~10 cm土壤层.杉木转换为固氮树种黑木相思后,显著提高了0~10 cm土壤层总脂肪酸含量、真菌、革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌和放线菌生物量.主成分分析表明,黑木相思人工林土壤微生物群落组成与杉木和尾巨桉人工林具有显著差异,土壤中革兰氏阳性细菌、阴性细菌和放线菌丰度显著提高.在0~10 cm土壤层,黑木相思人工林土壤纤维素水解酶、乙酰氨基-葡萄糖苷酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均显著高于杉木和尾巨桉人工林.研究表明,杉木转变为固氮树种黑木相思后会显著提高微生物生物量和酶活性,有助于土壤有机质的恢复,加快养分循环过程.We employed a comparative study to examine the effects of tree species transition on soil microbial biomass,community composition and enzymes activities under Cunninghamia lanceolata（ Lamb.） Hook,Eucalyptus grandis and a N-fixing species,Acacia melanoxylon in subtropical China. Results showed that the effect of tree species on soil microbial community and enzymes activities was significant only in the 0-10 cm soil layer. Reforestation with N-fixing species A. melanoxylon on the C. lanceolata harvest site significantly increased the total phospholipid fatty acid（ PLFA）,fungal PLFAs,Gram-positive bacterial PLFAs,Gram-negative bacterial PLFAs and actinomycetes biomasses in the 0-10 cm soil layer. The principal component analysis（ PCA） showed that the soil microbial community composition in A. melanoxylon soil differed significantly from that in C. lanceolata and E. grandis soils. N-fixing species（ A. melanoxylon） significantly enhanced the percent abundance of Gram-positive bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes. Activities of cellobiohydrolase,N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and acid phosphatase were significantly higher under A.melanoxylon than under C. lanceolata and E. grandis plantations. Our results suggested that reforestation with N-fixing species,A. melanoxylon on C. lanceolata harvest site could increase soil microbial biomass,enzyme activities and soil organic matter content.

关 键 词：杉木 固氮树种 磷脂脂肪酸 酶活性 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]