南京市空巢老人慢性病患病及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among elderly empty nesters in Nanjing city

作　　者：何婷婷[1] 巢健茜[1] 顾佳怡[1] 陈黄慧 吴振春[1] 张锐芝[1] 邓琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院医疗保险系,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2017年第11期1571-1575,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81273189);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省南京市空巢老人慢性病患病情况及影响因素。方法 2013年4—12月,自行设计问卷,采用随机整群抽样方法对南京市某社区1 121名空巢老人进行问卷调查。结果空巢老人自报慢性病患病率为71.0%(796例),患病率居前5位的慢性病为:高血压(48.3%,542例)、糖尿病(16.8%,188例)、冠心病(10.3%,116例)、白内障(9.2%,103例)、高血脂(5.6%,52例);70~79岁、独居、高脂食品和腌制食品每周摄入次数较多、体质指数(BMI)超重、肥胖和每周步行天数较少是空巢老人慢性病患病的危险因素;健康自评结果显示,慢性病组和非慢性病组在躯体机能维度、生活自理维度、情绪性格维度有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论空巢老人慢性病患病率较高,是影响空巢老人生活质量的重要因素。Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases and its affecting factors among the elderly empty nesters in Nanjing city. Methods From April 2013 to March 2014,a self-designed questionnaire was used to survey1 121 empty nesters aged ≥60 years recruited from communities of Nanjing city with random cluster sampling. Results The self-reported prevalence rate of chronic diseases among the elderly empty nesters was 71. 0%,with the top five most prevalent chronic diseases of hypertension（48. 3%）,diabetes（16. 8%）,coronary heart（10. 3%）,cataract（9. 2%）,and hyperlipaemia（5. 6%）. At the ages of 70-79 years,living alone,with high frequency of taking high-fat and pickled food per week,overweight and obesity,and with less number of walking steps per week were risk factors of chronic diseases among the elderly empty nesters. The results of the self-health assessment showed that there were statistical differences in body function,daily self-care activity,and emotional personality between the elderly empty nesters with and without chronic diseases（all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases is high and suffering from chronic disease is one of major influence factors of quality of life among the elderly empty nesters in Nanjing city.

关 键 词：空巢老人 慢性病 影响因素 健康自评 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]