新乡村建设运动中的困境:另类商品化与合作劳动——基于华南某乡村旅馆项目的案例分析  

The Dilemmas in New Rural Reconstruction Movement:Alternative Commoditization and Labor Cooperation

作　　者：何宇飞 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学文法学院社会工作系

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2017年第6期130-141,共12页China Rural Survey

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目"社会经济视野下合作经济案例研究"(编号:2662016QD049);湖北省社科基金一般项目"农村地区公益创业推动社会发展的策略研究"(编号:2016131)的资助

摘　　要：21世纪初兴起的中国当代新乡村建设对探索资本化、市场化之外的农村发展道路具有重要意义。本文结合Wright和Gibson-Graham对另类发展的认识范式,试图突破以往浪漫化抑或单纯质疑新乡村建设的二分视角,选取一个乡村旅馆合作经营的案例进行研究。本文指出了新乡村建设至少面临两个困境:一是通过"另类商品化"在经济过程中嵌入社会、文化、生态价值的困境,二是通过合作劳动维持"公地"运营的困境。这两个困境背后存在特定的社会再生产机制:前者主要是由于生产和生活商品化程度的加深强化了农民对现金的需求;后者则可以部分归因于土地个体经营的宏观制度与合作劳动中对劳动质量的评价标准的缺失。揭示这些结构性障碍并不是否定相关实践,而是期待在对实践作出反思的基础上,找寻行动的可能空间,给实践者提供尽可能多的参考。New Rural Reconstruction （NRR） movement in China has flourished since the beginning of the twenty-first century, which is of great significance for the exploration of an alternative way of rural development beyond marketization and capitalization. Evoked by the research paradigm of Wright and Gibson-Graham, this article studies a case of natal hotel cooperative, aiming to find a new perspective to analyze NRR which is different from either romanticizing or purely criticizing it. Two dilemmas of NRR are identified. One is the dilemma of embedding social, cultural and ecological value into the economic process via ＂alternative commoditization＂, and the other is operating the commons via labor cooperation. These two dilemmas can be understood from the perspective of social reproduction mechanisms. The first dilemma is due to the universal commoditization of both production and living necessities in ntml community which increases people＇s demand for cash. This contrasts with the social goals of the alternative development. The second dilemma can be partly attributed to the institution of private land use rights and a lack of standard to measure labor quantity and quality. Identification to structural obstacles for NRR is not to oppose relevant practices, but to judge what obstacles could be or not be overcome based on close inspection and reflection ofpractice, and to provide more reference for practitioners.

关 键 词：新乡村建设 另类发展 嵌入 公地 合作劳动 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]