概念设计阶段机床基础大件质量的优化方法  

Mass Optimization of Large Machine Tool Components in Conceptual Design

作　　者：陈以磊[1] 邱志惠[1] 郭俊康[1] 洪军[1] 刘志刚[1] CHEN Yilei;QIU Zhihui;GUO Junkang;HONG Jun;LIU Zhigang(State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi＇ an J iaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2017年第7期105-114,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2012AA040701)

摘　　要：为探索精密机床动态设计中对机床基础大件质量进行主动设计的方法,以提高机床动态特性为目标,利用集中参数法建立了机床的等效模型,进而使用拉格朗日方程建立了机床动力学方程,对机床进行了动力分析,并依据中心组合试验,拟合得到了机床一阶固有频率与基础大件质量的二次多项式响应面模型;以二次多项式响应面模型作为目标函数,基础大件质量上、下限作为约束条件,进行了机床基础大件质量的优化设计。以精密坐标镗床为对象,应用上述方法完成了机床基础大件质量的优化设计,结果表明:与原始设计方案相比,该方法能在提高一阶固有频率的同时实现机床的轻量化设计,使一阶固有频率最高值提高了3.86%,机床基础大件总质量最大值降低了9.3%。To solve the problem of lacking active design method for the large components in dynamic design of precision machine tools, the lumped parameter method is adopted to establish an equivalent model of a machine tool. For improving the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool, Lagrange equations are utilized to build the dynamic equations of the machine tool. Based on the central composite design, a quadratic polynomial response surface model is built to reveal the relationship between the machine tool＇s first-order natural frequency and the mass of large machine tool components. Taking this response surface model as the objective function and regarding the upper and lower mass limits of the large machine tool components as the constraint conditions, the mass matching design is obtained. Applying the present method to mass matching design of a precision jig boring machine, the results show that, compared with the original design, the first-order natural frequency is increased by 3.86%, and the total mass is reduced by 9. 3%. This research may provide a guidance for the mass matching design of large machine tool components.

关 键 词：机床 动态设计 质量优化 响应面分析 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]