陕西省布鲁菌病健康促进综合防治策略研究  

Comprehensive prevention and treatment and health promotion strategies on brucellosis in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：张同军[1] 孙养信[1] 范锁平[1] 李广智[1] 蔡晶芬[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防控所,西安710054 [2]西安交通大学公共卫生学院卫生毒理学教研室,西安710061

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2017年第11期828-832,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的将健康促进理念引入布鲁菌病（简称布病）综合防治，综合评价实施效果，为布病防控提供依据。方法2014年3月，选择陕西省大荔县布病高发地区，根据与羊只接触密切程度将研究人群分为一级目标人群、二级目标人群，实施一般性卫生宣传、针对性健康教育、干预引导。自行设计调查问卷，比较干预前（2014年3月）和干预后（2015年3月）布病防治知识知晓率、一级目标人群健康行为形成率、不同干预措施对一级目标人群干预效果。分析新发病例及时准确诊断率（3个月内）、医护人员培训合格率、人间布病发病率变化以及布病防治相关政策完善情况，综合评价布病健康促进综合防治策略的实施效果。结果一级和二级目标人群布病防治知识知晓率由干预前的20．23％（3746／18517）上升到干预后的62-49％（12695／20315）。一级目标人群和二级目标人群布病防治知识知晓率分别较干预前提高了39．69个百分点『干预前：33．75％（1624／4812），干预后：73．44％（3569／4860）]和43．57个百分点[干预前：15．48％（2122，／13705），干预后：59．05％（9126／15455）]。洛河以南区及洛河以北区干预后一级目标人群布病防治知识知晓率分别提高了37．70个百分点[干预前：36．81％（731／1986），干预后：74．5l％（1453／1950）]、35．86个百分点[干预前：35．06％（711／2028），干预后：70．92％（1366／1926）]。各类医护人员布病防治技能达标率为88．52％（594／671），新发布病患者及时正确诊断率为93．73％（370／383）。2014年大荔县新发病例占全省18．26％（269／1473），构成比较上年有所下降；2015年新发病例占全省6．14％（75／1221）；2016年新发病例仅占全省3．48％（33／948）。结论通过实施卫生宣传、健康教育、健康促进综合防治措施可大幅提高目标人群的布�Objective To introduce the concept of health promotion to brucellosis comprehensive prevention and control and then the effect was evaluated. We expect this article could provide scientific basis for prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods The study began in March 2014, a high-incidence district of brucellosis in Dali County was selected. Our study populations were divided to primary target groups and secondary target groups by the extent of exposure to sheep. We implemented general health campaigns, targeted health education, intervention and inducement, promotion of establish leading groups, and released relevant policies and rules for target population. According to the information from the questionnaire survey designed by us, before and after the intervention, the difference between the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control, the health behavior formation rate and the effects of different intervention measures in primary target groups, were compared. The correct diagnostic rate in time （in 3 months）, the eligible rate of trained health works, the change of the incidence of brucellosis in human cases, the perfection of the relevant policies on brucellosis control were analyzed, and the effectiveness of comprehensive prevention and control and health promotion strategies were evaluated. Results The disease awareness rate of target audience was 62.49% （12 695/20 315） after the intervention which was 20.23% （3 746/18 517） before the intervention. The awareness rate of primary target groups and secondary target groups was increased by 39.69% [before intervention： 33.75% （1 624/4 812）, after intervention： 73.44% （3 569/4 860）] and 43.57% [before intervention： 15.48% （2 122/13 705）, after intervention： 59.05% （9 126/15 455）], respectively. South of Luohe and noah of Luohe increased by 37.70% [before intervention： 36.81% （731/1 986）, after intervention： 74.51% （1 453/1 950）] and 35.86% [before intervention： 35.06% （711/2 028）, after intervention

关 键 词：布鲁菌病 健康促进 知晓率 行为习惯 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学]