岭南针灸发展史概述  

Review of the Development of Lingnan Acupuncture in Qing and Before Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王芳[1] 庄礼兴[2] 李莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]肇庆医学高等专科学校,广东肇庆526000 [2]广州中医药大学,广东广州510405

出　　处：《河南中医》2017年第11期2001-2004,共4页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：全国首批流派传承工作室建设项目

摘　　要：砭石、药物、艾灸、毫针、导引等中医治病方法,岐伯在《黄帝内经素问·异法方宜论》中指出灸法起源北方,因"北方者,天地所闭藏之域也,其地高陵居,风寒冰冽,其民乐野处而乳食,脏寒生满病,其治宜灸焫。故灸焫者,亦从北方来。"岭南地理气候湿热,灸法按理不适广泛使用,但是从现存的古代岭南针灸文献中,大都与灸法相关。当今学者对岭南医学的研究,采取"博古约今"取材原则。"博古"即明清以前,五岭之南皆收而录之;"约今"即明清以后,核心部位在广东尤其珠江三角洲,广东称为"岭南"。古代岭南号称"瘴疠"之乡,在其医学漫长的发展过程中形成了独具特色的地域流派,岭南医学。在其针灸学发展过程中,出现过一些有影响的针灸医家,如著名女灸家鲍姑,有的还撰写了不少针灸著述,可惜很多已佚失,现存有关针灸的文献仅有《肘后备急方》《采艾编》《采艾编翼》《幼幼集成》等寥寥数部针灸学专著。本文针对现存的清及清以前岭南针灸医家及其学术成就进行简单梳理,希望为今后岭南针灸学的深入研究助以微薄之力。The TCM therapies include the methods with stone needles,drugs,moxibustion,filiform needles and traditional guidance. According to in the chapter of Discussion on Different Therapeutic Methods for Different Diseases of Huangdi＇s Canon of Internal Medicine： Qibo says that ＂ The north is a place of closure and storage in nature. The north is topographically high and very cold. People there liver outside and drink milk of goat and cow. So they tend to suffer from abdominal flatulence and fullness due to invasion of cold into the viscera. Such an illness can be treated by Jiuruo moxibustion. So Jiuruo moxibustion was developed in the north＂. The climate in Lingnan was damp and heat,so moxibustion may be not applicable in this area. However,according to the extant moxibustion literatures of ancient Lingnan,most were related to moxibustion. For the study of Lingnan Medicine,current scholars adopt the principle of ＂ combining the ancient and the present＂,which means all in the south of Five Ridges were included before Ming and Qing dynasties and the core areas of Guangdong especially Pearl River Delta after Ming and Qing dynasties was called ＂ Lingnan＂. In ancient times,Lingnan is called as the county of communicable subtropical diseases. In the long course of the development of medicine,the medical science in Lingnan formed distinctive characteristics. In the development of moxibustion,some famous acupuncture practitioners like Baogu（ a female moxibustion doctor）. Some doctors had written many treatises on moxibustion but most had been lost. The literatures related to moxibustion extant only include a few monographs： Emergency Formulas to Keep Up One＇s Sleeve,Compilation of Moxa-Picking,Supplementation to Compilation of Moxa-Picking and The Grand Compendium of Pediatrics. This article analyzes the acupuncture practitioners of Lingnan and their academic achievements extant in Qing and before Qing dynasty,hoping to promote deeper researches on Lingnan moxibustion in the future.

关 键 词：针灸 岭南 《肘后备急方》 《采艾编》 《采艾编翼》 《幼幼集成》 

分 类 号：R245[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]