近十年我国在地球内部物质高压物性实验研究方面的主要进展  

Recent Progresses in Some Fields of High-Pressure Physics Relevant to Earth Sciences Achieved by Chinese Scientists

作　　者：刘曦[1] 代立东[2] 邓力维 范大伟[2] 刘琼 倪怀玮[4] 孙樯[1] 巫翔[5] 杨晓志[6] 翟双猛[2] 张宝华[2] 张莉 李和平[2] LIU Xi;DAI Li-Dong;DENG Li-Wei;FAN Da-Wei;LIU Qiong;NI Huai-Wei;SUN Qiang;WU Xiang;YANG Xiao-Zhi;ZHAI Shuang-Meng;ZHANG Bao-Hua;ZHANG Li;LI He-Ping(Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution ,Ministry of Education of China, Peking University, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University ,Beijing 100871,China;Key Laboratory of High-Temperature and High-Pressure Study of the Earth＇s Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beij ing 100029, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments ,School of Earth and Space Sciences ,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 ,China;State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences （Wuhan ） ,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research （HPSTAR）, Beijing 100094, China;Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]中国科学院地球内部物质高温高压重点实验室,中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵州贵阳550081 [3]中国科学院地球与行星物理重点实验室,中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [4]中国科学院壳幔物质与环境重点实验室,中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院,安徽合肥230026 [5]中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [6]内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,南京大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023 [7]北京高压科学研究中心,北京100094 [8]中国工程物理研究院上海激光等离子体研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2017年第6期657-681,共25页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB18000000);中国科学技术部国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600408,2016YFC0601101);中国科学技术部国家科技基础条件平台项目(2013FY110900-3);国家自然科学基金(41374096)

摘　　要：近十年中国主要地学科研院所都将高温高压实验研究领域作为重点发展学科方向,加大人才引进力度,促进了地学领域高压物理实验研究的快速发展。本文借《高压物理学报》创刊30周年之际,对最近十年由中国科学家主导的、与地球科学联系紧密的相关高压物理研究成果进行了总结和梳理,所涉及的研究方向主要有:下地幔的有关相变、下地幔矿物中铁的自旋态转变、地核物性、岩石电性测量、矿物电性测量、矿物状态方程、高压谱学、高压扩散、高压超声、硅酸盐熔体物理性质、地质流体等。总体来说,过去十年是中国地学高压物理研究飞速发展的十年,研究成果的数量、重要性和显示度都有较大突破,在国际上占有重要地位。这种快速发展势头仅仅是开始,未来十年将是中国地学高压物理研究发展过程中的关键十年,需要各位同仁共同砥砺前行。In the last 10 years or so,nearly all major Chinese universities,schools and research institu- tes with strong Earth science programs showed strong interest in developing a new research branch of High-Pressure Earth Sciences. As a result, many young Chinese scientists with good training from the universities in the west countries were recruited. This directly led to a fast growing period of about 10 years for the Chinese high-pressure mineral physics research field. Here we take the advantage of celebrating the 30th anniversary of launching the Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, and present a brief summary of the new accomplishments made by the Chinese scientists in the fields of high-pressure mineral physics relevant to Earth sciences. The research fields include： （1） phase transi- tions in the lower mantle; （2） high spin-low spin transitions of iron in lower mantle minerals; （3） physical properties of the Earth core ; （4） electrical measurements of rocks ; （5） electrical measure- ments of minerals; （6） elasticity of minerals （especially equation of states） ; （7） high-pressure spectro- scopic studies;（8） chemical diffusions in minerals;（9） ultrasonic measurements under high pressure; （10） physical properties of silicate melts; （11） geological fluids. In sum,the last 10 years have seen a rapid development of the Chinese high-pressure mineral physics, with the number of scientific papers increasing enormously and the impact of the scientific findings enhancing significantly. With this good start,the next 10 years will be critical and require all Chinese scientists in the research field to play active roles in their scientific activities,if a higher and advanced level is the goal for the Chinese mineral physics community.

关 键 词：中国地学高压 矿物物理 实验研究 十年总结 

分 类 号：O521[理学—高压高温物理] P313[理学—物理]