健康素养水平与老年人运动锻炼行为的关系研究  

Relationship between health literacy and physical activity behaviors among the elderly

作　　者：孙晓宇 张云策[1] 刘维伟 邬雪山[1] 魏芳[1] 刘辉[1] 左群[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学预防医学与卫生事业管理系,河北保定071000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第22期4143-4146,4155,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(HB17TY003);河北大学自然科学研究计划项目(CX201706)

摘　　要：目的探讨老年人健康素养水平与其运动锻炼行为的关系,为制定与实施老年人运动锻炼行为促进的干预对策与措施提供依据。方法采取分层-整群随机抽样方法,在保定地区抽取1 095名老年人为研究对象,现场进行面对面询问,由调查员填写问卷信息,采用二分类、有序多分类变量的Logistic回归分析方法对数据进行分析。结果老年人运动锻炼参加率77.5%,其中偶尔运动锻炼者58.4%,经常运动锻炼者19.2%;健步走、保健操/舞蹈类居老年人运动锻炼方式选择前两位;"保持身体健康"和"保持心情愉快"是老年人运动锻炼的最主要动机。多因素分析显示,女性、离异或未婚、在村镇居住、不具备基本知识和理念素养、不具备基本技能素养的老年人不易参加运动锻炼;<65岁或>75岁、离异或未婚、在村镇居住、不具备基本知识和理念素养、不具备基本技能素养的老年人运动锻炼频率较低。结论提高慢性病防控、老年健康维护的基本知识和理念素养以及基本技能素养水平,将会有效促进老年人运动锻炼参加行为和运动锻炼频率。Objective The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the health literacy level and the physical activity for the elderly, in order to provide the basis for the intervention measures for promoting physical activity in the elderly. Methods A stratified-clustered randomized sampling method was used to select 1095 elderly people in the Baoding. Results The physical activity rate of the respondents was 77.5%, of which the occasional activity proportion accounted for 58.4%, while the regular activity proportion accounted for 19.2%. Fast walking and aerobics/dancing were the top two activities among their activity mode choices. ＂Keeping healthy＂ and ＂keeping a happy life＂ were the two most important motives for the elderly. Multi-factor analysis showed the affected elderly were female, divorced or unmarried, living in villages and towns, not having the basic knowledge and concept of health literacy, not having the basic skills of health literacy tended impossible to participate in physical activity, and 〈65 or 〉75 years old. Conclusion Improving the health literacy level of basic knowledge and skills about prevention and control of chronic diseases may be effective to promote the participation and frequency of physical activity in the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 健康素养 运动锻炼行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]