阿拉善荒漠人工释放银狐的存活力观察  

Survivability of Released Domestic Vulpes vulpes in Alxa Desert in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：王长命[1] 张金宝[2] 庄光辉[1] 乌吉斯古椤 杨成新[1] 李保尔 陈卫[4] 贾举杰 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古阿拉善盟草原工作站,阿拉善左旗750306 [2]内蒙古阿拉善左旗草原工作站,阿拉善左旗750300 [3]内蒙古阿拉善左旗机关事务服务中心,阿拉善左旗750300 [4]首都师范大学生命科学院,北京100048 [5]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2017年第4期550-555,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(No.201203041)

摘　　要：为研究人工饲养释放的银狐(Vulpes vulpes)在阿拉善荒漠的存活力状况,考察利用银狐控制荒漠草原鼠害的可行性,2006年10月在内蒙古阿拉善左旗乌兰布和沙漠上释放了11只人工饲养的成体银狐,性别为5雄6雌,均为饲养2 a的成年银狐。随后对释放银狐的生存状况进行了大范围的追踪调查,同时也对作为银狐的主要食物的啮齿动物群落结构及银狐的存活数据一直追踪到2015年。结果表明释放的人工饲养银狐在阿拉善乌兰布和沙漠地区可以很好地存活,温暖的气候和充足的食物可能是主要原因。但由于银狐不畏惧人类,频繁袭击牧民饲养的家禽和羊羔而遭牧民反对,在释放后的半年之内多被当地牧民捕杀。因此,若在本地区推广释放人工饲养银狐来控制荒漠鼠类的话,尚需当地牧民在利用草场规模和生产意识上的转变,方能实现控制荒漠地区鼠害的初衷。To investigate the survivability of released silver fox（ Vulpes vulpes） in the Alxa Desert in Inner Mongolia,and the feasibility of using silver fox to control pest rodents on desert grassland,11 adult silver foxes（ 5 male and 6 female） were released into the wild in October 2006. These foxes had been raised in Ningxia since 2004. We monitored the released foxes together with the population structure of rodents,the main prey of foxes,until 2015. The released silver foxes survived well. Warm weather and sufficient food probably contributed to their survival. However,since these silver foxes were not afraid of humans and constantly attacked poultry and lambs,most of them were killed by herdsmen within one half year after their release. If silver foxes are to be released to control desert rodents in this area,the awareness of local herdsmen on meadow utilization should be changed to achieve the goal of control of desert pest rodents.

关 键 词：银狐 天敌防控 阿拉善荒漠 控制鼠害 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]