基于增热型吸收式换热的燃气锅炉集中供热技术节能效益分析  

Analysis on Energy Efficiency of Centralized Heating of Natural Gas Boiler Based on Calorie-type Absorption Heat Exchangers

作　　者：孙方田[1,2] 程丽娇[1] 付林[3] 张世钢 

机构地区：[1]北京市建筑能源高效综合利用工程技术研究中心北京建筑大学,北京100044 [2]国家级建筑用能虚拟仿真实验教学示范中心北京建筑大学,北京100044 [3]清华大学,北京100084 [4]北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司,北京100085

出　　处：《建筑科学》2017年第10期165-170,共6页Building Science

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目"喷淋式燃气锅炉烟气余热回收利用一体化设备开发与示范工程建设"(D131100003813001)

摘　　要：开发可再生能源-地热和回收锅炉烟气余热是提高既有供热系统供热能效的有效措施。本文研究的基于增热型吸收式换热的燃气锅炉供热系统在热源站设置直燃型吸收式热泵和防腐型间壁式烟-水换热器用于深度回收烟气余热,在热力站设置增热型吸收式换热机组用于开发利用地热。分析表明,当供热负荷为50 MW时,该供热系统可将排烟温度降至35℃,回收烟气余热约4.7万GJ/a,回收地热约4.6万GJ/a,降低NO_x排放量约1.5 t/a。与常规燃气锅炉集中供热系统相比,该供热系统可提高一次能源利用率约27.8%,降低天然气年消耗量约19.9%,供热成本降低7.7%,增量投资回收期少于6 a。该系统用能方式相对较为合理,其节能效益、经济效率和环保效益均优于常规燃气锅炉集中供热系统,宜适用于北方地热资源可资利用的区域。研究成果为既有锅炉供热系统升级改造或新建供热系统规划与设计提供参考。Geothermal energy development and exhaust gas waste heat recovery are effective measures to enhance energy efficiency of existing centralized heating systems based on natural gas boilers. In this paper, a centralized heating system based on natural-gas boiler with calorie-type absorption heat exchangers （DH-NGB-CAHE） is studied. In the heat source station of the DH-NGB-CAHE, the direct fired absorption heat pump and anti-corrosion type gas heat exchangers are set to efficiently recover exhaust gas waste heat. In the heating substations of the DH- NGB-CAHE, calorie-type absorption heat exchangers are set to exploit geothermal energy. Heating capacity and primary energy efficiency of the traditional district heating system based on natural-gas fired boilers can be enhanced. Case analysis results show that exhaust gas temperature can be reduced to 35 ℃ , and recover exhaust gas waste heat about 4. 7 × 104 GJ per year, recycle geothermal energy about 4.6 ~× 104 GJ per year, NOx emission about 1.5 tons per year, when the heating load is 50 MW. Compared with the traditional district heating system based on natural-gas fired boiler, the DH-NGB - CAHE can increase the primary energy utilization rate by about 27.8% , reduce gas consumption by about 19.9% , and reduce heating costs by about 7.7%. And the incremental investment payback period of the DH-NGB-CAHE is less than six years. The DH-NGB-CAHE with the characteristics of higher energy efficiency, better economic benefit and better environmental benefit, would have a promising application in the northern region of China where geothermal resource is available. The results provide references for upgrading of the boiler heating system or planning and designing of new heating system.

关 键 词：烟气余热 直燃型溴化锂吸收式热泵 地热 增热型吸收式换热机组 集中供热 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]