38份桃及其野生近缘种抗根癌病评价  

Evaluation of resistance of 38 peaches and their wild relatives to crown gall

作　　者：郝峰鸽[1,2] 王新卫[1] 曹珂[1] 方伟超[1] 陈昌文[1] 朱更瑞[1] 王力荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]河南科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《果树学报》2017年第11期1401-1407,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303093);中国农业科学院科技创新工程[CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI];高层次人才科研项目(207010616005)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选桃抗根癌病种质,为抗病育种提供抗性材料。【方法】通过苗木接种强致病力根癌土壤杆菌,60 d后测定最大瘿瘤直径,评价不同材料的抗病性,并以聚类分析确定各抗性等级的界限。【结果】对38份桃及其野生近缘种的972个单株的抗根癌病能力进行评价,结果表明,每个群体中个体间均存在不同程度的抗性差异;其中伏牛山望10、蒙古扁桃、四道岭野生李、‘寿粉’4个群体高度抗病;广元1号等14个群体中度抗病;‘西伯利亚C’等16个群体中度感病;林州天平山-1等4个群体高度感病;群体变异系数为24.3%~201.4%,高度抗病的4份材料群体的变异极大。【结论】供试材料中不存在免疫个体,伏牛山望10、蒙古扁桃、四道岭野生李、‘寿粉’等为高抗根癌病种质。[Objective] Crown gall disease is induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and would cause sig- nificantly economic loss in both the nursery and commercial stone fruit production including peach. Bio- chemical and phenotypic analyses were previously used to subdivide Agrobacterium into biovar 1, biovar 2 and biovar 3, and the first two were the causal agents for crown gall disease in peach. Soil fumigation with methyl bromide had been prohibited due to the destruction to natural environment, although it iwas effec- tive for controlling the disease. Biological agents such as strain K84 of A. radiobacter var. tumefaciens could only control the disease to some extent, therefore plant resistance was considered to be a good op- tion for controlling this disease. The past researches had found some immune or highly resistant plants in certain peach accessions and its relative species including Prunus mongolica, P. ferganensis, P. subhirtel- la, P. davidiana var potaninii, P. persica, etc. These highly resistant plants need further test to confirm their resistance to virulent strains of the pathogen. In this study, we aimed at identifying the highly resis- tant germplasm resources from different peaches and wild relatives in order to provide a foundation for re- sistance breeding in the future. [ Methods ] The degree of resistance of the peaches and the wild germplasm resources were assessed via artificial inoculation of virulent strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens on shoots in field. Bacteria were cultured in yeast extract and beef extract （YEB） medium on a rotary shaker （200 r-rain-＇） at 28 ~C for about 16 h, then collected by centrifugation at 5 000 r. min-1 for 10 min and suspended in sterilized distilled water. The density of the suspension was adjusted to 109colony-forming units per mL for in- noculation. The shoots were wounded at three sites by cutting into the cambial area with a scalpel and removing a piece of tissue about 1 cm long from the stem surface. One drop of prepared bacterial suspension （about

关 键 词：桃根癌病 根癌土壤杆菌 种质资源 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]