苹果早熟新品种‘冀苹3号’的选育  

Breeding of a new early-ripening apple cultivar ‘Jiping 3'

作　　者：李学营[1] 冯建忠[1] 鄢新民[1] 王献革[1] 郝婕[1] 索相敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所,石家庄050061

出　　处：《果树学报》2017年第11期1490-1492,共3页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27);河北省科技支撑计划(16226312D-2)

摘　　要：‘冀苹3号’苹果是由‘藤牧1号’的自然实生后代中选育出的早熟新品种。果实近圆形,果形端正,平均单果质量235.7 g;果面光洁,底色黄绿,被鲜红色条纹;果肉乳白色,肉质细脆、多汁,风味酸甜适口,具香气;果肉去皮硬度9.87 kg·cm-2,可溶性固形物含量14.02%;综合品质上等。树姿开张,树势中庸。果实成熟期7月下旬,成熟期一致,无采前落果,抗病性和丰产性强,易栽培。New early-ripening cuhivar ＇Jiping is an early-season apple with good appearance. The seeding was selected from the seedling trees of ＇Tengmu 1＇ in 2002 at experiment field in Shijiazhuang Pomology Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science. It was initially selected in 2002 for its bright colors and very early ripening character. Through natural hybridization pollination, 256 seed- lings were got. After regional adaptability and successively observation over fifteen years from 2002 to 2016, it was finally selected in 2016. The tree is vigorous with semicircular and open tree gesture. Young branches are rufous color. Leaves are bottle-green, flat and apex narrow, sharply serrated. Flower is pink, middle width, 5 petals in every inflorescence. Fruit position is regular and it has good fruit uniformity. Fruit is mainly subrotund, has yellow green peel, bright and clean surface. Its flesh is milk white, crisp, juicy, sour-sweet, and aroma. The average fruit weight is 235.7 g, and fruit shape index is 0.84. The con- tent of soluble solid is 14.02%, hardness is 9.87 kg＂ cm-2. Quality is excellent. The fruit development peri- od is 95 d and it matures in late July in Shijiazhuang area. The main characteristic is constant maturity, no dropping fruit before picking, strong storage ability, high disease resistance, and the yield can reached 40 000 kg＂ hm-2. It is resistant to drought, apple valsa canker, and apple fruit anthracnose, apple leaf defo- liation diseases, etc. The fruit has very long storage period, after storage the fruit aroma is quite strong. Suitable cultivation and introduction area is apple producing areas in Hebei province and other similar cli- mate conditions areas. In different types of soil and climate conditions it can also grow well, and it has high yield potential. Orchard should choose flat and has good moisture and fertilizer ability area; and high quality nursery stock should be chosen to establish orchard, vigorous rootstock and dwarf rootstock are both OK. Spacing

关 键 词：苹果 新品种 '冀苹3号’ 早熟 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]