Ⅱ型硫脂酶与次生代谢产物合成  

Type Ⅱ Thioesterases and Their Role in the Synthesis of Secondary Metabolites

作　　者：乔龙亮 朱鹏[1] 庞建虎 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2017年第11期1115-1124,共10页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：宁波市科技攻关项目(No.2017C110003);浙江省公益技术应用研究(No.2017C33133);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(No.CARS-49)~~

摘　　要：Ⅱ型硫脂酶(type Ⅱ thioesterases,TEⅡ)属于α/β水解酶,含有保守的催化三元件(Ser-His-Asp),广泛存在于非核糖体肽合成酶(nonribosomal peptide synthetases,NRPS)和聚酮合成酶(polyketide synthases,PKS)系中。与Ⅰ型硫脂酶(type Ⅰ thioesterases,TEⅠ)不同,TEⅡ作为一个独立的蛋白质行使硫脂键水解功能。以往的数据研究发现,合成途径中TEⅡ基因缺失导致聚酮(polyketides,PK)或非核糖体肽(nonribosomal peptide,NRP)的产量显著降低。本文通过对硫酯酶(thioesterases,TE)的聚类分析,显示序列同源性方面TE聚类成两个不同的进化枝,一个含有所有TEⅠ,第二个包含所有TEⅡ。对TEⅡ的多序列比对及结构分析,结果显示TEⅡ序列中的标记序列"GHSMG"为保守序列,结构的差异性导致TEⅡ功能的差异性,综合前期相关数据研究,对TEⅡ在生物合成中的功能途径进行了概括性论述,并对其今后在次生代谢物合成研究中的应用进行了展望,以期加深对TEⅡ的认识和理解。Eukaryotes chromatin modification is an important factor of gene expression regulation in epigenetics.Histone acetylation plays a key role in mechanism of gene transcription,which affects gene activation or gene silencing.Histone acetylation modification has become an important part of epigenetics and there have been many researches focusing on this field.This paper reviews recent findings on HDACs,their classification,structural characteristics and variety and complexity of tissue expression,especially their roles in regulation of development and responses to stress in plants.It is useful to know the mechanism of gene regulation and enrich the details of epigenetics,which would be great value applied to breeding practices in agriculture eventually.

关 键 词：聚酮合酶 非核糖体肽合成酶 Ⅱ型硫脂酶 编辑功能 次生代谢 

分 类 号：Q814.9[生物学—生物工程] Q556