膜下滴灌条件下土壤水盐动态变化特征研究  

Soil Water and Salt Dynamics Characteristics and Cotton Yield under Drip Irrigation with Mulch

作　　者：杨宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水利厅石羊河流域管理局,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2017年第11期21-26,30,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501017)

摘　　要：干旱缺水和土壤盐渍化已成为我国干旱半干旱地区农业发展的主要限制因素之一,开展膜下滴灌土壤水盐动态变化研究,对防止土壤盐渍化,缓解水资源紧张状况,提高水土资源利用效率具有重要的理论和实际意义。通过田间试验研究了不同灌溉定额膜下滴灌棉花农田水盐动态变化特征、棉花产量及水分利用效率。研究表明,膜下滴灌灌水定额为250 m^3/hm^2,灌水次数为6次时,能保证土壤耕作层处于良好的水盐环境,不会引起土壤盐分表层累积,棉花生育期0~100 cm土壤全盐量呈增加趋势,但积盐量小于0.3 t/hm^2。灌水次数为6次,灌水定额为250 m^3/hm^2处理是膜下滴灌灌溉条件下最优的棉花灌溉制度。Drought and soil salinization has become one of the major limitations of agricultural development in the arid and semi-arid area in China. Carrying out drip irrigation soil water salt dynamic change research has important theoretical and practical significance for preventing soil salinization, alleviating water resources stress situation and improving utilization efficiency of soil and water resources. In this study, field experiments were conducted to study the characteristics of water and salt dynamics, cotton yield and water use efficiency of cotton under mulch drip irrigation with different irrigation quota. The results shows that under the drip irrigation scheme with irrigation quota of 250 m3/ hm2 and 6 irrigation times, the soil tillage layer can be in good water salt environment, soil salt accumulation will not happen in the surface, the soil total salt content of 0 - 100 cm layer in cotton growth period shows an increasing trend, but the salt accumulation is less than 0.3 t/ hm2. So the above scheme is the best drip irrigation scheme for cotton.

关 键 词：膜下滴灌 土壤水分 土壤盐分 棉花 产量 石羊河流域 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]