家庭农场不同规模稻作绩效及影响因素研究——以湖南为例  

The performance and influencing factors of family rice farms with different scales:A case study in Hunan Province

作　　者：邓文[1] 刘英[1] 谭杰扬[1] 金龙新[1] 王剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院农业经济和农业区划研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2017年第6期1002-1008,共7页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601097);湖南省社会科学基金项目(16YBA249);湖南农业科技创新资金项目(2016JC08)~~

摘　　要：家庭农场已成为我国引领适度规模经营、保障粮食安全的有生力量,绩效是家庭农场进行水稻生产决策和政府扶持的主要依据。基于投入产出和环境变量视角,通过对湖南120户家庭农场的实地调查,构建由CCR模型、灰色关联度和相关分析模型、SBM超效率模型组成的"三步模型法",分析不同规模稻作绩效及影响因素。结果表明,稻作规模在<13.33 hm2和20.00-26.67 hm2范围内的投入产出综合效率达到最优,稻作规模<6.67 hm2和>33.33 hm2的家庭农场相对效率较高。对家庭农场稻作绩效影响最大的环境因素是租田费用和稻作补贴,其次为家庭劳动力稻作率和稻谷销售价格,农场主年龄和文化程度的关联度较低。因此,为提升家庭农场稻作绩效,建议制订完善水稻家庭农场经营的"适度规模"指标、规范稻田流转管理与服务、增加稻作补贴、加强价格扶持等政策性措施。Family farms have become effective forces to guide moderate scale operation and ensure food security in China. Their performance is a main basis for the decision-making of rice production and government support on family farms. Based on a survey data of 120 family farms in Hunan province, this paper built a three-step model, including CCR model, grey correlation degree and correlation analysis model, and SBM super efficiency model to analyze the performance and influence factors of rice production on different scales from the perspectives of input-output efficiency, environment impacts, and different production scales. Results show that family rice farms with less than 13.33 hm2 or between 20.00 to 26.67 hm2 were optimal in the input-output efficiency, and family farms with less than 6.67 hm2 or greater than 33.33 hm2 were relatively high efficient. Important environmental influencing factors include field rent expenses and rice cultivation subsidies, followed by the effectiveness of farm labors and unhusked rice price, and farmers age and education degree were the least influencing factors. In summary, to improve the production performance of family rice farms, this paper suggests： to perfect the moderate-scale index of family rice farms, to regulate the management and services of paddy field circulation, to increase the subsidies on rice production, and to strengthen the rice price support programs.

关 键 词：家庭农场 规模 稻作 绩效 影响因素 三步模型法 

分 类 号：F325.2[经济管理—产业经济]