向社会主义过渡:建国初期的粮食市场与国家调控  

Moving Towards Socialism: Grain Market and State Macro-Control in the Early Period of P. R.C

作　　者：王春英[1] 张艳梅 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学马克思主义学院 [2]青岛黄海学院

出　　处：《史林》2017年第5期153-168,共16页Historical Review

基　　金：上海市教育委员会科研创新重点项目(14ZS026);2016年度"阳光计划"资助(16YG02)

摘　　要：新中国成立后,国家通过粮食价格控制、销售、市场储量控制等三方面逐步调控粮食市场。量化数据表明,1952年底粮食市场已经整体稳定。1953年10月,统购统销前粮食市场上的价格波动率已经接近于零。此研究为我们理解新民主主义社会迅速过渡到社会主义提供了事实基础。粮食调控与应对政策的出台及实施亦表明,这一过程既具理性,又有弹性,是一种社会主义趋势下的调适性经济政策。这种经济政策使新中国实现了向社会主义的过渡,但调适政策为尽快解决即时问题,其中又隐含了诸多不确定性,因此当经济环境开始向常规转变时,这种不确定所内含的问题也变成了新的隐患。After the foundation of P. R. C,the new government gradually regulated grain market by controlling grain price,sales channels and reserves in three ways. National grain market stabilization had largely been achieved according to quantized data in late 1952. The price volatility of grain closed to zero before the state implementing policy of unified purchase and sale in October 1953. It offered basis to understand the reason why the new democracy could go to socialism very quickly. The foundation and implementation of grain macro-adjusting policy also indicated that there were both reason and flexibility,which was the adaptive economic policy under the trends of socialism. The new economic policy helped the new China move towards socialism,but the adaptive policy also included uncertainty which would turn into new hidden trouble in the normal economic environment.

关 键 词：粮食市场 国家调控 调适性经济政策 

分 类 号：K271[历史地理—历史学]