2016年云南省水泥尘职业危害现状  

Status of occupational hazards of cement dust in Yunnan Province in 2016

作　　者：唐艳红[1] 邢漪[1] 张永昌[1] 何芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第21期2893-2896,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2016年云南省水泥尘职业危害现状,为云南省制定有针对性的水泥尘防治措施提供依据。方法对收集的2016年云南省水泥尘的接触人员职业健康检查情况和历年水泥尘肺病患者资料进行一般性描述分析,并用IBM SPSS Statistics 22对职业健康检查资料进行Fisher精确概率卡方检验。结果 2016年云南省水泥尘接触人数为9 401人,主要集中分布在昆明市(44.15%)、制造业(87.77%)、私有经济(48.99%)和国有经济(32.06%)、中型企业(68.17%);4 379人参加了水泥尘职业健康检查,疑似职业病检出率0.18%,丽江市疑似职业病检出率(1.76%)高于其他地区,小型企业疑似职业病检出率(0.50%)高于其他企业规模。结论 2016年云南省水泥尘接触人数主要集中分布在昆明市、制造业、私有经济和国有经济、中型企业,鉴于小型企业疑似职业病检出率高于其他企业规模,因此,水泥尘职业危害防治的重点地区为昆明市,重点行业为制造业,重点企业为私有经济和国有经济企业、中型企业和小型企业。另外,云南省水泥尘职业健康检查未能覆盖全部接触水泥尘的劳动者,且水泥尘肺存在漏报的问题,应加强职业卫生监督力度和职业病防治知识的宣传,规范企业职业卫生管理,提高劳动者自我防护意识和职业健康检查受检率,降低职业病漏报率。[Objective] To understand the status of occupational hazards of cement dust in Yunnan Province in 2016, provide the basis for the development of targeted control measures against cement dust in Yunnan Province. [Methods] A general description was made on the data of people exposure to cement dust, occupational health examination and patients with cement pneumoconiosis in Yunnan Province in 2016. Fisher exact probability chi square test was performed on the occupational health examination data with IBM SPSS Statistics 22. [Results] There were 9 401 people exposure to cement dust in Yunnan Province in 2016, mainly distributed in KunmingCity （44.15%）, manufacturing industry （87.77%）, private eeonomy （48.99%） and state-owned economy （32.06%）, and medium-sized enterprises （68.17%）. 4 379 people received the occupational health examination of cement dust, and the detection rate of suspected occupational disease was 0.18%. The detection rate of suspected occupational disease in Lijiang City （l.76%） was higher than that in other areas, and the detection rate of suspected occupational disease in small-sized enterprises （0.50%） was higher than that of other enterprises. [Conclusion] In 2016, the people exposure to cement dust in Yunnan Province mainly distribute in Kunming City, manufacturing industry, private economy and state-owned economy, and medium-sized enterprises. Owing to the detection rate of suspected occupational disease in small-sized enterprises is higher than that of other enterprises, the occupational hazard prevention and control of cement dust should focus on the key area of Kunming City, key industry of manufacturing industry, and key enterprises of private economy and state-owned economy medium-sized enterprises and small-sized enterprises. In addition, occupational health examination fail to cover all workers exposed to cement dust, and there exist the problem on missing report of cement pneumoconiosis. It is necessary to strengthen the health supervision and publicity of kn

关 键 词：水泥尘 职业危害 现状 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]