2016年南通市制造业工人噪声对血压影响的现况调查  

Cross-sectional investigation on effect of noise on blood pressure among manufacturing workers in Nantong City in 2016

作　　者：施安琪[1] 黄玮奕[2] 沙磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心门诊部,江苏南通226007 [2]南通市疾病预防控制中心综合业务办公室(应急办),江苏南通226007

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第21期2923-2926,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性噪声暴露对制造业工人的血压影响。方法采用横断面研究方法,以南通市2016年参加职业健康检查的在岗期间的6 770名有职业性噪声暴露的作业工人为研究对象,以听力损失作为累计噪声暴露量(CNE)的替代指标,对不同性别、年龄和工龄的工人的血压情况进行对比研究。结果可见随着年龄和工龄的增长,高血压患病率逐渐增高,有噪声所致的听力损失者的高血压患病率明显高于听力正常的工人(P<0.05)。进行性别、年龄分组后,以听力损失为指标进一步进行logistic回归分析发现,有噪声所致的高频听损者的高血压患病风险增高仅出现在≤45岁年龄组(P<0.01,OR=1.182,95%CI:1.082~1.293;其中男性:P<0.05,OR=1.103,95%CI:1.005~1.210;女性P<0.01,OR=1.736,95%CI:1.266~2.381)和所有≤10 a的接噪工龄组(≤1 a工龄组:P<0.01,OR=1.384,95%CI:1.149~1.666;2~5 a工龄组:P<0.01,OR=1.344,95%CI:1.173~1.539;6~10 a工龄组:P<0.05,OR=1.214,95%CI:1.040~1.417),而在>45岁年龄组和>10 a工龄组均未发现这种相关性。结论≤45岁年龄组以及≤10 a接噪工龄组的作业工人中噪声所致听力损失与高血压有关,需重点关注。[ObjectiveJ To discuss the effect of occupational noise exposure on blood pressure among manufacturing workers. [Methods] By a cross-sectional study,6 770 occupational noise-exposed workers who received the occupational health examination in Nantong City in 2016 were enrolled in the study. Hearing loss was regarded as an indicator of cumulative noise exposure （CNE）, and the blood pressure levels in workers of different age, gender and working age were compared. [ Results ] The prevalence rate of hypertension increased with the extending age and service length. The prevalence rate of hypertension in people with noise-induced hearing loss was higher than that in those with normal hearing（P〈0.05）. After grouped for sex and age,logistic regression analysis was performed according to hearing loss, and the results showed that the increased risk of hypertension was observed in workers below 45 years old （P〈0.01,0R=1.182,95%CI： 1.082-1.293 ;male P〈O.OS,0R=l.103,95%CI： 1.005-1.210; female P〈0.01,0R=1.736,95%C1：1.266-2.381） and those with noise exposure less than 10 years （≤ 1 a： P〈0.01,OR=1.384, 95%CI： 1.149-1.666;2-5 a：P〈0.01,0R=1.344,95%CI： 1.173-1.539;6-10 a：P〈0.05,0R=1.214,95%CI： 1.040-1.417）. And this correlation was not found in workers over 45 years old and those with noise exposure over 10 years.[Conclusion] There is a correlation between noise induced hearing loss and hypertension in noise-exposed workers below 45 years old or with noise exposure less than 10 years ,which special attention should be paid to.

关 键 词：职业性噪声暴露 听力损失 血压 作业工人 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]