衡阳市社区居民慢性病患病现状及其影响因素  

Prevalence and related risk factors of chronic diseases among community residents in Hengyang City

作　　者：丁玲云 唐艳明 路庆[2] 谭利明 陈露 张天成 

机构地区：[1]南华大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理教研室,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学附属南华医院医务部,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第21期2999-3003,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(14C0978);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2016B483)

摘　　要：目的了解衡阳市社区居民主要慢性病患病现状及其影响因素,为制定社区居民慢性病的相关防治政策和干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法在衡阳市珠晖区10个街道/乡镇随机抽取2 881名≥18周岁常住居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果衡阳市珠晖区居民慢性病患病率为45.23%,慢性病患病率随年龄的增长呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=39.296,P<0.01),高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)和癌症的患病率依次为26.52%、9.89%、10.00%、3.30%、2.60%和0.56%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥65岁、丧偶、吸烟、高盐膳食、超重和肥胖、腰围异常、不知晓食品营养标签和慢性病高危人群标准是社区居民慢性病患病的独立危险因素。结论高血压、糖尿病和冠心病是社区居民的主要慢性病,该地区居民慢性病患病的主要影响因素为年龄、婚姻状况、吸烟情况、盐摄入量、BMI、腰围、是否知晓食品营养标签和慢性病高危人群标准,应依据目前患病情况及其影响因素采取相应的预防控制措施。[Objective] To investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases and its risk factors among community residents in Hengyang City,provide scientific basis for making prevention strategies and Intervention measures of chronic diseases in commu- nity residents.[Methods] The questionnaire survey and physical examinations were conducted among 2 881 community residents over 18 years old,who were collected from 10 streets or township in Zhuhui District of Hengyang City by the multi-stratified clus- tering random sampling method.[ Results] The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 45.23% among the community residents in Zhuhui District, and it increased with age （X^2trend=39.296,P〈0.01）. The prevalence rate of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease,stroke,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and cancer was 26.52% ,9.89% ,10.00% ,3.30% ,2.60% and 0.56%, respectively. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that I〉 65 years old, widowed, smoking, high-sah diet, overweight and obesity, abnormal waist circumference, and ignorance of food nutrition label and criteria for high risk groups of chronic diseases independent risk factors of non-communicable chronic diseases in community residents. [ Conclusion] Hyper- tension, diabetes, coronary heart disease are the main chronic diseases among the community residents. Age, marital status, smok- ing, salt intake, BMI, waist circumference, and awareness on food nutrition label and criteria for high risk groups of chronic diseases are main influencing factors of chronic diseases among community residents in this area,and it is necessary to take effective measures according to the prevalence and influencing factors.

关 键 词：慢性病 患病率 影响因素 社区居民 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]