2017年湖北省禽类相关外环境H7亚型禽流感病毒分布情况调查  

Distribution of avian influenza virus subtype H7 in external environment in Hubei province,2017

作　　者：李翔[1] 方斌[1] 余晓[1] 叶国军[1] 刘琳琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2017年第4期262-266,共5页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解湖北省外环境中H7亚型禽流感病毒的污染状况,评估人感染H7N9禽流感疫情在湖北省的传播风险,及时发现潜在危险因素,科学防控疫情。方法 2017年2月9日至2月22日,对省内543家活禽市场、1 062户散养户、423家规模养殖场、85个流动摊贩、28个定点屠宰加工场进行采样,擦拭涂抹法采集外环境活禽粪便以及各种用具表面拭子,采用Real-time RT-PCR检测H7亚型禽流感病毒核酸。结果共采集环境样本12 285份,检出H7阳性样本251份,活禽市场、散养户、规模养殖场、定点屠宰加工场标本阳性率分别为5.76%(240/4 164)、0.06%(2/3 544)、0.16%(7/4 308)和1.14%(2/175)。全省17个地市州中,仙桃市、孝感市、鄂州市、黄石市、荆门市、咸宁市的活禽市场场所中H7阳性率分别为76.92%(10个)、80.00%(8个)、50.00%(1个)、67.65%(23个)、31.25%(10个)和35.71%(5个)。全省28家定点屠宰加工场中仅2家检出H7阳性,分别位于鄂州市和仙桃市。结论湖北省外环境中存在H7亚型禽流感病毒污染,活禽市场和定点屠宰加工场是人感染H7N9亚型的高风险场所。Objective To study the distribution of the avian influenza A （H7N9） virus in outer environment in Hubei province of China evaluate the risk of H7N9 transmission and identify potential risk factors of human H7N9 virus infections. Methods Samples were collected from 543 live poultry markets, 1 062 poultry scat- tering raising-households, 423 live poultry farms, 85 retailers and 28 designated poultry packinghouses in Hu- bei province of China from Feb 9 to Feb 22, 2017. The environmental samples （including poultry feces, swabs of cages, drinking bowls and other specimens） were collected by swabs smear. H7N9 virus nucleic acids were detected by Real-time RT-PCR. Results A total of 12 285 environmental samples were collected and detec- ted, 251 H7 subtype viruses were detected, the positive rates were 5.76%, 0.06%, 0.16% and 1.14% in the live poultry markets, scattering raising-households, the poultry farms and the packinghouses, respective- ly. The positive rates of avian influenza virus H7 subtype in live poultry markets were 76.92%, 80.00~, 50.00%, 67.65%, 31.25% and 35.71% in Xiantao, Xiaogan, Ezhou, Huangshi, Jingmen and Xianning city, respectively. Only 2 of the 28 designated packinghouses in in Ezhou and Xiantao city were detected positive avi- an influenza virus H7 subtype. Conclusions Environmental contamination of HTN9 avian influenza viruses exists in Hubei province. The live poultry markets and the poultry packinghouses are the highrisk places of human infection with H7N9 virus.

关 键 词：禽流感 H7亚型 环境监测 现况调查 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]