甘肃省2015-2016年外环境禽流感监测及职业暴露人群血清学分析  

Avian influenza virus contaminations in environment and occupational exposure in 2015 and 2016 in Gansu province of China

作　　者：李保娣[1] 李红育[1] 张慧[1] 于德山[1] 何健[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2017年第4期267-270,共4页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：国家"十二五"艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治科技重大专项(2012ZX10004-208);甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY2017-28)

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省外环境中禽流感病毒(aivan influenza virus,AIV)的分布情况及职业暴露人群AIV的感染现状,为甘肃省人感染高致病性禽流感的防控提供技术支持。方法对甘肃省2015-2016年采集的871份职业暴露人群血清标本和4 521份禽类外环境标本进行AIV检测。结果 FluA、H5、H7、H9的检出率依次为:20.97%(948/4 521)、0.13%(6/4 521)、0.04%(2/4 521)和20.88%(944/4 521)。FluA检出率最高的环境标本为宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的擦拭标本(196/588,33.33%),最低的为禽类饮水(77/542,14.21%)。FluA检出率在2015年12月份最高(28.18%),6月份最低(8.59%)。定西市和陇南市禽流感病毒核酸FluA和H9的检出率显著高于全省其他市州(χ2=4.521~88.079,P<0.05)。871份职业暴露人群血清标本中检出2份H9N2血凝素抗体阳性。结论 2015-2016年甘肃省涉禽外环境中存在的禽流感病毒污染主要为H9亚型,零星检出H7和H5亚型,职业暴露人群中存在H9N2隐性感染,应加强主动监测以防止禽流感暴发流行。Objective To understand the contamination status of avian influenza virus （AIV） in environment and occupational exposure in Gansu province of China during 2015 and 2016. Methods AIV nucleic acid of 4 521 environmental samples and 871 occupational exposure serum samples in the whole province during 2015 and 2016 was detected. Results The positive rates of FluA, H5, H7 and H9 were 20.97%, 0.13%/00, 0.04% and 20.88%, respectively. FIuA was detected the highest in the wipe specimen of the board surface of slaughtering or placing poultry （33.33%） and lowest in drinking water （14.21%） . FIuA detection rates showed highest in December （28.18~%0） and lowest in June （8. 59%）. FluA and H9 positive rates were signifi- cantly higher in Dingxi city and Longnan city than that in other cities of Gansu province （X2 =4. 521 88. 079, P ＊~0.05）. Two serum samples were tested positive for H9N2 hemagglutinin antibody among 871 occupational exposures. Conclusions The main AIV pollution in the external environment of Gansu province of China from 2015 to 2016 is the H9 subtype. Recessive infections of H9N2 are present in occupational exposures.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 聚合酶链反应 职业暴露 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]