多舱室爆炸比格犬致伤特点与伤情分析  

Injury characteristics and injury analysis in Beagle dogs after multi-cabin explosion

作　　者：刘帅[1] 程岗[1] 刘邦鑫 李彦腾 王淑为[1] 魏铂沅[1] 贾博[1] 刘亚楠 张剑宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院神经外科,北京100048

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2017年第11期1011-1015,共5页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军后勤科研重大项目(AHJ14J001);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2015M582864)~~

摘　　要：目的探索多舱室爆炸比格犬的致伤特点并进行伤情分析。方法健康成年雄性比格犬48只,分别置于当舱和邻舱(n=24),于装药量为0.75kg和3.50kg TNT的舱室(当舱)进行静爆,观察爆后即刻至伤后24h动物存活情况、各项生命体征的改变、脏器形态学改变及各种致伤类型的发生率,并进行神经功能评分。结果比格犬现场死亡20只,伤后24h内死亡9只,死亡发生率为60.42%(29/48),其中当舱死亡发生率为79.17%(19/24),邻舱死亡发生率为41.67%(10/24)。形态学改变主要表现为颅骨弹片穿通伤,脑组织以及肺、心、胃肠道、肝、肾等器官不同程度淤血和出血,软组织挫伤或体腔破裂缺损,肢体断离缺失,肢体骨折,严重者甚至发生空腔和实质脏器穿孔或破裂。破片伤、冲击波伤与冲击波破片复合伤的致死率分别为27.59%(8/29)、17.24%(5/29)和55.17%(16/29)。结论舱室内爆炸性武器所致破片伤与冲击波复合伤具有发生率高、伤情重、致死率高等特点,应尽可能地寻找遮挡物体,从而减少被杀伤的机会,进而降低死亡发生率。其早期救治的重点是及时有效地处理多发伤;液体复苏时最好在血流动力学监测条件下进行,以免进一步加重病情。Objective To investigate the injury characteristics of Beagle dogs after warship multi cabin explosion. Methods Forty-eight adult male Beagle dogs were placed in the simulated blast-cabin and adjacent cabin（24 each）, and ammunitions respectively containing 0.75 kg TNT and 3.50 kg TNT were then detonated in the blast-cabin. The survival situation, fluctuation of vital signs, morphological changes of organs and the incidence of various types of injury of the dogs were observed immediately after the explosion to 24 h after injury, and the neurological functions score was performed. Results Twenty dogs died immediately after the explosion, and another 9 dogs died 24 h after the explosion. The total mortality was 60.42%（29/48）, and the mortalities in blastcabin and adjacent cabin were 79.17%（19/24） and 41.67%（10/24）, respectively. The dog＇s skull was penetrated by bomb fragments, and congestion and bleeding were observed in brain tissue, lung, heart, stomach, bowels, liver and kidneys. Extremities fracture, soft tissue contusions, perforation and rupture were also checked out after explosion. The fatality rate of bomb fragment injury, blast injury and combined bomb fragment-blast injury was 27.59%（8/29）, 17.24%（5/29） and 55.17%（16/29）, respectively. Conclusions The combined bomb fragment-blast injury show high incidence and make high fatality rate and serious injury. Combatants should effectually shield themselves with occluded objects as far as possible to avoid damage and reduce fatality. The key of early treatment is to treat the multiple injuries promptly. Intravenous fluid therapy should be practiced after hemodynamic monitoring.

关 键 词：多舱室爆震伤 比格犬 致伤特点 

分 类 号：R826.1[医药卫生—临床医学]