安徽省外来入侵植物的分布格局及其等级划分  

Distribution pattern and rating of alien invasive plants in Anhui Province

作　　者：严靖[1] 闫小玲[1] 王樟华[1] 李惠茹[1] 马金双[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心/上海辰山植物园,上海201602

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2017年第5期679-690,共12页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家科学技术部基础专项(2014FY120100);上海市绿化与市容管理局科研项目(G152432);上海市科委项目(14YF1413800)~~

摘　　要：区域性外来入侵植物的研究及其入侵等级划分在地方入侵植物管理与防治对策的制定上具有重要的指导意义。本文基于文献报道、标本记录和必要的分类学考证,特别是通过2013-2015年对安徽省外来入侵植物的全面调查,统计分析了安徽省外来入侵植物的物种组成、生活型、原产地、区系组成和水平分布格局,并对其入侵危害进行等级划分。结果显示,安徽省有外来入侵植物37科86属132种,总体上呈现种类丰富、原产于美洲的种类多、泛热带起源的种类多、危害严重的种类多、区域分化明显、入侵途径集中等特征。提出在外来入侵植物的防控中应重点警惕起源于美洲的、泛热带分布属的植物和关注人类活动频繁的热点区域。还对中国外来入侵植物研究中存在的问题进行了探讨,澄清了几个长期以来被忽视的关于外来入侵物种认知的问题。The regional study of alien invasive plants and their categorization have important guiding significance for local governments in the management and control of such plants. We conducted a comprehensive survey of alien invasive plants in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2015 based on literature reports, specimen records, and taxonomic research. The species composition, life form, original locality, floristic composition, and horizontal distribution patterns of alien invasive plants in Anhui Province were analyzed, and their invasion levels were also rated. Results showed a total of 132 species of invasive plant species in Anhui Province. These plants showed diversified species, with a high proportion of American and Pan-tropical origin, high proportion of hazardous species, significant regional differentiation, and similar invasion pathways. We proposed that the prevention and control of alien invasive plants should pay considerable attention to plants originating from America and Pan-tropical genera and hotspots with frequent human activities. In addition, current deficiencies in the study of alien invasive plants in China are discussed, and several noteworthy and long overlooked issues about the cognition of alien invasive species are clarified.

关 键 词：外来入侵植物 分布格局 等级划分 安徽省 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]