动静态水环境下不同种植方式对苦草生长的影响  

Effects of different planting methods on the growth of Vallisneria natans( Lour.) Hara in dynamic and static water environments

作　　者：王帅 张义[2] 曾磊[2] 刘碧云[2] 吴振斌[2] 贺锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2017年第5期691-698,共8页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家"十二五"水专项(2012ZX07101007-005);湖北省自然科学基金青年基金(2014CFB282)~~

摘　　要：设置扦插法、纱布包裹法、布袋覆土法3种种植方式,研究苦草(Vallisneria natans(Lour.)Hara)在静态水环境下和水体受到持续扰动的动态条件下不同种植方式对植株生长的影响。结果显示,不同种植方式下苦草的生长差异明显。在苦草形态特征方面,布袋覆土法种植方式下苦草的平均株高和叶宽明显高于扦插法和纱布包裹法,但是其分株数和平均根长小于扦插法和纱布包裹法;在苦草的生物量和地下与地上部分之比方面,布袋覆土法种植方式下苦草的地上、地下部分生物量和总生物量明显大于扦插法和纱布包裹法,但是其地下与地上部分生物量之比小于其他2种方法;在苦草叶片叶绿素a含量方面,布袋覆土法明显高于扦插法和纱布包裹法。动静态水环境只对苦草的分株数有显著差异,静态水环境下分株数大于动态水环境,对其他指标无显著影响。研究结果表明动、静态水环境和不同种植方式对苦草的生长具有显著的影响,布袋覆土法种植方式下单株苦草生长最好;静态水环境下生长的苦草株高、叶宽和生物量等指标均优于动态水环境。Three different planting methods, that is, cutting, gauze wrapped, and covered soil in a bag, were used to investigate effects on the growth of Vallisneria natans （Lour.） Hara under static and constant water disturbance. Results showed that different planting methods had significantly different effects on the growth of V. natans. In terms of morphological characteristics, average plant height and average leaf width under the covered soil conditions were obviously higher than those under cutting and gauze wrapped conditions, but the number of ramets and average root length were lower. In addition, the biomasses of the aboveground and underground parts, as well as total biomass, under the covered soil conditions were obviously greater than those under cutting and gauze wrapped conditions, but the underground part to aboveground part ratio was lower. Leaf chlorophyll a content was obviously higher under the covered soil conditions than that under cutting and gauze wrapped conditions. The dynamic and static water environments had no significantly different effects on other indicators, except that the number of ramets in the static water environment was higher than that in the dynamic water environment. This study showed that dynamic and static water environments and different planting methods could have significant and different effects on the growth of V. natans. The growth of V. natans was greater under the covered soil treatment than that under the cutting and gauze wrapped treatment, and plant height, leaf width, and biomass were greater under the static than dynamic water environment.

关 键 词：苦草 动静态水环境 种植方式 

分 类 号：Q945.17[生物学—植物学]