中美产业竞争力及经常账户可维持性分析——基于贸易增加值视角  

Research on the Current Account's Sustainability and Industrial Competitiveness of China and U.S.——Based on the Perspective of Trade in Value Added Perspective

作　　者：曾珣[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学经济学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《当代经济科学》2017年第6期57-66,共10页Modern Economic Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"经济持续增长进程中的通货膨胀控制:量化宽松;最优通胀率和宏观审慎政策研究"(13BJY169)

摘　　要：本文基于贸易增加值视角,采用跨国面板数据对比分析了中美的产业竞争力及经常账户可维持性。结果显示,中国制造业在国内增加值、全球价值链参与度指标上位居世界前列,创造了大量的外汇收入,中国是名副其实的制造业大国。而在全球价值链地位、国内增值率指标上,中国的表现却远不如美国,说明中国并不具备产业核心竞争力,制造业"大而不强"。全球参与度逐年降低,说明中国经常账户的盈余缺乏可持续性,当前制造业的低端创汇模式不可持续。因此需积极推行供给侧结构性改革和制造业转型升级,加大核心技术领域的研发投入,掌握产业核心竞争力,提升制造业在全球价值链分工中的地位,从而实现经常账户盈余的可持续性,为资本账户开放和人民币国际化打下坚实的基础。Based on the trade in value added perspective,we comparatively analyze the industrial competitiveness and the current account's sustainability of China and USA.The results show that the domestic value added and the participation of global value chain of Chinese manufacturing industry is located in world leader and earns a large amount of income.That means China is a global manufacturing power.But China's performance on the status of global value chain and domestic increment rate index is inferior to these of USA.That means China does not have core industry competitiveness,and the manufacturing is large but not strong.Besides,the gradually reduce of global participation of China indicates that the China's current account surplus is lack of sustainability and the low end foreign exchange earning mode of manufacturing industry is unsustainable.Therefore,China needs to promote the supply side structural reform and the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry actively,increase investment in core technology in the field of R&D,mater the core competitiveness and improve the position of manufacturing industry in global value chain,so as to bring about current account surplus sustainable and lay a solid foundation of capital account openness and the internationalization of RMB.

关 键 词：产业竞争力 经常账户可维持性 贸易增加值 人民币国际化 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济] F471.2F752.6F757.12